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Morocco — المغرب

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Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to the east, and the disputed territory of Western Sahara to the south. Morocco also claims the Spanish exclaves of Ceuta, Melilla and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, and several small Spanish-controlled islands off its coast. It has a population of roughly 37 million, the official and predominant religion is Islam, and the official languages are Arabic and Berber; French and the Moroccan dialect of Arabic are also widely spoken. Moroccan identity and culture is a mix of Arab, Berber, African and European cultures. Its capital is Rabat, while its largest city is Casablanca.

The region constituting Morocco has been inhabited since the Paleolithic era over 300,000 years ago. The Idrisid dynasty was established by Idris I in 788 and was subsequently ruled by a series of other independent dynasties, reaching its zenith as a regional power in the 11th and 12th centuries, under the Almoravid and Almohad dynasties, when it controlled most of the Iberian Peninsula and the Maghreb. Centuries of Arab migration to the Maghreb since the 7th century shifted the demographic scope of the region. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Morocco faced external threats to its sovereignty, with Portugal seizing some territory and the Ottoman Empire encroaching from the east. The Marinid and Saadi dynasties otherwise resisted foreign domination, and Morocco was the only North African nation to escape Ottoman dominion. The 'Alawi dynasty, which rules the country to this day, seized power in 1631, and over the next two centuries expanded diplomatic and commercial relations with the Western world. Morocco's strategic location near the mouth of the Mediterranean drew renewed European interest; in 1912, France and Spain divided the country into respective protectorates, reserving an international zone in Tangier. Following intermittent riots and revolts against colonial rule, in 1956, Morocco regained its independence and reunified.

Since independence, Morocco has remained relatively stable. It has the fifth-largest economy in Africa and wields significant influence in both Africa and the Arab world; it is considered a middle power in global affairs and holds membership in the Arab League, the Arab Maghreb Union, the Union for the Mediterranean, and the African Union. Morocco is a unitary semi-constitutional monarchy with an elected parliament. The executive branch is led by the King of Morocco and the prime minister, while legislative power is vested in the two chambers of parliament: the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors. Judicial power rests with the Constitutional Court, which may review the validity of laws, elections, and referendums. The king holds vast executive and legislative powers, especially over the military, foreign policy and religious affairs; he can issue decrees called dahirs, which have the force of law, and can also dissolve the parliament after consulting the prime minister and the president of the constitutional court.

Morocco claims ownership of the non-self-governing territory of Western Sahara, which it has designated its Southern Provinces. In 1975, after Spain agreed to decolonise the territory and cede its control to Morocco and Mauritania, a guerrilla war broke out between those powers and some of the local inhabitants. In 1979, Mauritania relinquished its claim to the area, but the war continued to rage. In 1991, a ceasefire agreement was reached, but the issue of sovereignty remained unresolved. Today, Morocco occupies two-thirds of the territory, and efforts to resolve the dispute have thus far failed to break the political deadlock. (Full article...)

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A Moroccan woman practicing the traditional weaving, Middle Atlas, 1955

The history of women in Morocco includes their lives from before, during, and after the arrival of Islam in the northwestern African country of Morocco.

After Morocco's independence from France, Moroccan women were able to start going to schools that focused on teaching more than simply religion, expanding their education to the sciences and other subjects.

Upon the institution of the legal code known as Mudawana in 2004, Moroccan women obtained the rights to divorce their husbands, to child custody, to child support, and to own and inherit property. The law made progressive reforms on the status of women, but "substantial inequality and discrimination persist, particularly in unequal access to divorce for women, financial relationships between spouses, and child custody and guardianship." (Full article...)

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The following are images from various Morocco-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Roman coins excavated in Essaouira, 3rd century. (from History of Morocco)
Image 2Ouds in a shop in Marrakesh (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 3The city of Aït Benhaddou photographed in the evening (from History of Morocco)
Image 4The Almoravid Qubba, built by the Almoravids in the 12th century. (from History of Morocco)
Image 5Jewish Wedding in Morocco by Eugène Delacroix, Louvre, Paris (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 6The Manifesto of Independence presented by the Istiqlal Party on 11 January 1944 established Sultan Muhammad V as a symbol of the nationalist struggle. (from History of Morocco)
Image 7Al-Boraq, the first high speed rail service on the African continent. (from History of Morocco)
Image 8Map of the Wattasid sultanate (dark red) and its vassal states (light red) (from History of Morocco)
Image 9A Gnawa street performer wearing traditional Gnawi clothing in Rabat's Qasbat al-Widaya (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 10A window displaying a wrought iron window grill in Asila. The knots are tied with bent metal in the traditional way, rather than soldered. (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 11Lissan-ul-Maghreb, an early Moroccan newspaper. (from History of Morocco)
Image 12Couscous is traditionally enjoyed on Friday, the holy day in Islam. Garnished with vegetables and chickpeas, it is served communally. (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 13Hirak Rif protests (from History of Morocco)
Image 14Moroccan fly mask embroidery (from History of Morocco)
Image 15Coin minted during the reign of Abu Yaqub Yusuf (from History of Morocco)
Image 16Almohads after 1212 (from History of Morocco)
Image 17A group performing Gnawa in Zagora, southeastern Morocco (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 18French artillery in Rabat in 1911. The dispatch of French forces to protect the sultan from a rebellion instigated the Agadir Crisis. (from History of Morocco)
Image 19A Moroccan kaftan (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 20Idrisid dirham, minted at al-'Aliyah (Fes), Morocco, 840 CE. The coin features the name of Ali: a son-in-law of Muhammad, the fourth Caliph, and an ancestor of the Idrisids.
Image 21Map depicting the staged French pacification of Morocco through to 1934 (from History of Morocco)
Image 22Phoenician plate with red slip, 7th century BCE, excavated on Mogador Island, Essaouira. Sidi Mohammed ben Abdallah Museum. (from History of Morocco)
Image 23The Id Aissa Agadir near Amtoudi in the Anti-Atlas region (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 24Idrisid state, around 820 CE, showing its maximal extent. (from History of Morocco)
Image 25Extent of the Saadian empire at the beginning of the 17th century (from History of Morocco)
Image 26Uprisings in Casablanca in July 1907 over the application terms of the Treaty of Algeciras led to the Bombardment of Casablanca. (from History of Morocco)
Image 27A cannon from the republican era in Salé (from History of Morocco)
Image 28portrait of his excellence Mohamed Ben Ali abgali with Al sulham, ambassadeur of king morocco to the court of saint jame.august 1725. (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 29Portuguese possessions in Morocco (1415-1769) (from History of Morocco)
Image 30Festival Scene: a watercolor by Muhammad Ben Ali Rabati, one of Morocco's first painters (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 31The Maghreb in the second half of the 19th century (from History of Morocco)
Image 32The Almohad empire at its greatest extent, c. 1180–1212 (from History of Morocco)
Image 33Moroccan women wearing takshita (1939 photo) (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 34Destruction of Casablanca caused by the 1907 French bombardment. (from History of Morocco)
Image 35King Hassan II, on his way to Friday prayers in Marrakesh, 1967. (from History of Morocco)
Image 36The assassination of Émile Mauchamp March 1907, which precipitated the French invasion of Oujda and the conquest of Morocco. (from History of Morocco)
Image 37A Berber musician wearing two large triangular brooches in southern Morocco (early 20th century photo) (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 38A 19th century poster of the word "Allah" by the master calligrapher Muhammad Bin Al-Qasim al-Qundusi in his improvised Maghrebi script. (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 39Sultan Abd-al-Aziz with his bicycle in 1901. The young sultan was noted for his capricious spending habits, which exacerbated a major trade deficit. (from History of Morocco)
Image 40The Berber entrepot Sijilmassa along the trade routes of the Western Sahara, c. 1000–1500. Goldfields are indicated by light brown shading. (from History of Morocco)
Image 41The Almoravid empire at its height stretched from the city of Aoudaghost to the Zaragoza in Al-Andalus (from History of Morocco)
Image 42Taburida, a traditional Arab exhibition of horsemanship performed during festivals (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 43A folio of an 18th-century Moroccan Quran, with a characteristically Maghrebi script used to write surahs 105–114 (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 44Admiral Abdelkader Perez was sent by Ismail Ibn Sharif as an ambassador to England in 1723. (from History of Morocco)
Image 45Destruction after the Intifada of Fes was quelled by French artillery fire. (from History of Morocco)
Image 46The Almohads transferred the capital of Al-Andalus to Seville. (from History of Morocco)
Image 47Roman remains of Volubilis (from History of Morocco)
Image 48The Marinid Sultanate in 1360 (from History of Morocco)
Image 49Present-day courtyard of the Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque in Fes, established by Fatima al-Fihri in the 9th century (from History of Morocco)
Image 50Status quo in Western Sahara since 1991 cease-fire: most under Moroccan control (Southern Provinces), with inner Polisario-controlled areas forming the Sahrawi Arab Republic. (from History of Morocco)
Image 51Stucco decoration in the Saadian Tombs of Marrakesh (16th century) (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 52The ancient harbor at the Bou Regreg, taken from Salé facing Rabat (from History of Morocco)
Image 53Qsar Tamnugalt, a qsar near Agdz in the Draa Valley (from Culture of Morocco)
Image 54The Maghreb after the Berber Revolt (from History of Morocco)

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Moroccan history

Ancient History:

Mousterian - Aterian - Iberomaurusian - Capsian - Mauretania - Mauretania Tingitana - Volubilis - Ancient Carthage

Medieval History:

Muslim conquest - Berber Revolt - Kingdom of Nekor - Barghawata Confederacy - Idrisid dynasty -Emirate of Sijilmasa - Maghrawa dynasty - Almoravid dynasty -Almohad dynasty - Marinid dynasty - Wattasid dynasty - Saadi dynasty

Modern History:

'Alawi dynasty - Ismail of Morocco - Abd el-Krim - Republic of the Rif - Franco-Moroccan War - Agadir Crisis - Treaty of Fez - Revolution of the King and the People - Green March - Casablanca attacks

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Religions in Morocco

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WikiProject Morocco

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This is a Good article, an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards.

Central Atlas Tamazight or Atlasic (also known as Tazayit, variant of tashelhit, Middle Atlas Tamazight, Tmazight or Tmazikht, and, rarely, Beraber or Braber; native name: ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ Tamazight Berber: [tæmæˈzɪxt, θæmæˈzɪxθ], Arabic: أمازيغية أطلس الأوسط) is a Berber language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken by 3.1 million speakers.

Central Atlas Tamazight is one of the most-spoken Berber languages, along with Tachelhit, Kabyle, Riffian, Shawiya and Tuareg. In Morocco, it comes second as the most-spoken after Tachelhit. All five languages may be referred to as "Tamazight", but Central Atlas speakers are the only ones who use the term exclusively. As is typical of Afroasiatic languages, Tamazight has a series of "emphatic consonants" (realized as pharyngealized), uvulars, pharyngeals and lacks the phoneme /p/. Tamazight has a phonemic three-vowel system but also has numerous words without vowels. (Full article...)

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Morocco at the 2014 Winter Olympics Amal Women's Training Center and Moroccan Restaurant Bombardment of Salé Morocco at the 2010 Winter Olympics Marrakesh 2018 Marrakesh ePrix Marouane Chamakh Battle of El Herri

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... that after a trip to Morocco in 1912, Henri Matisse painted Goldfish and the animal would become a frequent motif in his art over the next decade?
... that King Mohammed VI of Morocco donated part of his royal collection to the new National Jewellery Museum?

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Moroccan cities

List of cities in Morocco

Rank	City	Population (2014 census)^[1]^[2]	Region
1	Casablanca^[a]	3,359,818	Casablanca-Settat
2	Fez^[b]	1,112,072	Fès-Meknès
3	Tangier^[c]	947,952	Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
4	Marrakesh^[d]	928,850	Marrakesh-Safi
5	Salé^[e]	890,403	Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
6	Meknes^[f]	632,079	Fès-Meknès
7	Rabat^[g]	577,827	Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
8	Oujda	494,252	Oriental
9	Kenitra	431,282	Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
10	Agadir	421,844	Souss-Massa
11	Tetouan	380,787	Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
12	Temara	313,510	Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
13	Safi	308,508	Marrakesh-Safi
14	Mohammedia	208,612	Casablanca-Settat
15	Khouribga	196,196	Béni Mellal-Khénifra
16	El Jadida	194,934	Casablanca-Settat
17	Beni Mellal	192,676	Béni Mellal-Khénifra
18	Aït Melloul	171,847	Souss-Massa
19	Nador	161,726	Oriental
20	Dar Bouazza	151,373	Casablanca-Settat
21	Taza	148,456	Fès-Meknès
22	Settat	142,250	Casablanca-Settat
23	Berrechid	136,634	Casablanca-Settat
24	Khemisset	131,542	Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
25	Inezgane	130,333	Souss-Massa
26	Ksar El Kebir	126,617	Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
27	Larache	125,008	Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
28	Guelmim	118,318	Guelmim-Oued Noun
29	Khenifra	117,510	Béni Mellal-Khénifra
30	Berkane	109,237	Oriental
31	Taourirt	103,398	Oriental
32	Bouskoura	103,026	Casablanca-Settat
33	Fquih Ben Salah	102,019	Béni Mellal-Khénifra
34	Dcheira El Jihadia	100,336	Souss-Massa
35	Oued Zem	95,267	Béni Mellal-Khénifra
36	El Kelaa Des Sraghna	95,224	Marrakesh-Safi
37	Sidi Slimane	92,989	Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
38	Errachidia	92,374	Drâa-Tafilalet
39	Guercif	90,880	Oriental
40	Oulad Teima	89,387	Souss-Massa
41	Ben Guerir	88,626	Marrakesh-Safi
42	Tifelt	86,709	Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
43	Lqliaa	83,235	Souss-Massa
44	Taroudant	80,149	Souss-Massa
45	Sefrou	79,887	Fès-Meknès
46	Essaouira	77,966	Marrakesh-Safi
47	Fnideq	77,436	Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
48	Sidi Kacem	75,672	Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
49	Tiznit	74,699	Souss-Massa
50	Tan-Tan	73,209	Guelmim-Es Semara
51	Ouarzazate	71,067	Drâa-Tafilalet
52	Souk El Arbaa	69,265	Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
53	Youssoufia	67,628	Marrakesh-Safi
54	Lahraouyine	64,821	Casablanca-Settat
55	Martil	64,355	Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
56	Ain Harrouda	62,420	Casablanca-Settat
57	Suq as-Sabt Awlad an-Nama	60,076	Béni Mellal-Khénifra
58	Skhirat	59,775	Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
59	Ouazzane	59,606	Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
60	Benslimane	57,101	Casablanca-Settat
61	Al Hoceima	56,716	Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
62	Beni Ansar	56,582	Oriental
63	M'diq	56,227	Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
64	Sidi Bennour	55,815	Casablanca-Settat
65	Midelt	55,304	Drâa-Tafilalet
66	Azrou	54,350	Fès-Meknès
67	Drargua^[h]	50,946	Souss-Massa

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Sources

^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Casablanca as 3,359,818,^[1] which corresponds to the population of Casablanca Prefecture.^[2]
^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Fez as 1,112,072,^[1] which corresponds to the combined population of those parts of Fez Prefecture not within the cercle of Fez Banlieue ("suburbs").^[2]
^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Tangier as 947,952,^[1] which corresponds to the combined population of the four arrondissements of Bni Makada, Charf-Mghogha, Charf-Souani and Tanger-Médina.^[2]
^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Marrakesh as 928,850,^[1] which corresponds to the combined population of the municipality of Méchouar-Kasba and the five arrondissements of Annakhil, Gueliz, Marrakech-Médina, Ménara and Sidi Youssef Ben Ali.^[2]
^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Salé as 890,403,^[1] which corresponds to the combined population of the five arrondissements of Bab Lamrissa, Bettana, Hssaine, Layayda and Tabriquet.^[2]
^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Meknes as 632,079,^[1] which corresponds to the combined population of the municipalities of Meknes, Al Machouar – Stinia, Toulal and Ouislane.^[2]
^ In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of Rabat as 577,827,^[1] which corresponds to the population of Rabat Prefecture.^[2]
^ The population figure refers only to the urban centre (HCP geographic code [fr] 09.001.05.09.3) of the rural commune of Drargua.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Note de présentation des premiers résultats du Recensement Général de la Population et de l'Habitat 2014" (in French). High Commission for Planning. 20 March 2015. p. 8. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "POPULATION LÉGALE DES RÉGIONS, PROVINCES, PRÉFECTURES, MUNICIPALITÉS, ARRONDISSEMENTS ET COMMUNES DU ROYAUME D'APRÈS LES RÉSULTATS DU RGPH 2014" (in Arabic and French). High Commission for Planning. 8 April 2015. Retrieved 29 September 2017.