• Emperor: Xuantong Emperor (3rd year)
• President of the Republic of China - Sun Yat-sen until March 10, Yuan Shikai
• Vice President of the Republic of China - Feng Guozhang
• Premier of the Republic of China - Tang Shaoyi from March 13 until June 27, Lu Zhengxiang until September 22, Zhao Bingjun

Viceroys edit

• Viceroy of Zhili — Chen Kuilong
• Viceroy of Liangjiang — Zhang Renjun

January edit

• January 1
  • The Republic of China was announced to be established.
  • Sun Yat-sen elected First Provisional President of the ROC by delegates from independent provinces.

February edit

• February 12 – The Manchu Qing Dynasty of China comes to an end after 268 years, with the abdication of Emperor Puyi in favour of the Republic of China.

August edit

• August 25 – The Kuomintang, the Chinese nationalist party, was founded.
• August 29 – Flooding in Wenzhou caused by a typhoon kills up to 220,000 people.^[1]

• February 2 - Zhu Shenghao, Chinese translator (died 1944)
• February 14 - Nie Er, Chinese musician (died 1935)
• June 27 - Chen Kenmin, Chinese-born Japanese chef (died 1990)
• July 26 - Qigong, Chinese calligrapher, artist, painter, connoisseur and sinologist (died 2005)
• October 27 - C. C. Li, Chinese-American geneticist (died 2003)
• November 14 - Tung-Yen Lin, Chinese structural engineer (died 2003)

• April 21 - Yung Wing, the first Chinese overseas student (born 1828)