• Monarch – Frederick VI^[1]
• Prime minister – Otto Joachim

• 17 September – After almost four decades in Rome, Bertel Thorvaldsen, accompanied by his art collections and most of his own works, returns to Copenhagen.

Undated edit

January–March edit

• 1 February – Christian Blache, painter (died 1920)
• 6 February – Johan Peter Christian Hansen, businessman (died 1913)
• 22 February – Johan Peter Andreas Anker, military officer (died 1876)

April–June edit

• 19 June – Julius Lange, art historian (died 1896)

July–September edit

• 10 July – Philip Schou, businessman (died 1922)
• 16 July – Ejler Andreas Jorgensen, painter (died 1876)
• 31 July – Vilhelm Rosenstand, artist (died 1915)

• 13 March – Poul Martin Møller, academic, writer, and poet (born 1794)
• 20 April – Marie Kofoed, businessperson and philanthropist (born 1760)