Ancient Assyrians spoke multiple languages such as Akkadian language, Sumerian and Aramaic languages

The Hattians occupied the land of Hatti in central Anatolia and are documented at least as early as the empire of Sargon of Akkad (c. 2300 BC).^[1] Possibly connected to Northwest Caucasians.

• Mitanni (seem to have been Hurrian with an Indo-Aryan ruling class)
• Isuwans (seem to have been a mixed Anatolian, Hurrian, and Mitanni population)
• Kizzuwatnans
• Urartu (predecessors of the Armenians, they spoke a language similar to Hurrians)

Anatolian peoples (Anatolian Indo-European) edit

Hittites edit

• Cappadocians? / Leucosyri? (Cappadocians and Leucosyri were the same people; Cappadocians was the Persian name and Leukosyroi the Greek name, Leucosyri is the Latin name based on Greek) (Cappadocians also inhabited the West Pontus that originally was part of Cappadocia)
  • Amiseni? (inhabited Themiscyra district in West Pontus)
  • Kases? / Cases?
• Cataonians?

Luwians edit

• Carians
• Cilicians
• Isaurians
• Leleges?
• Lycaonians
• Lycians
• Philistines? - notably inhabited Palestine; their inclusion here is tenuous as they may have had an Anatolian origin
• Pisidians / Pamphylians (Pamphylians, on the coast, and Pisidians, in the inland, were the same people and spoke the same language, the difference was that Anatolian Pamphylians were more Greek influenced since Iron Age) (there was an Anatolian Pamphylian dialect, part of the Pisidian language, and a Pamphylian Greek dialect, part of Ancient Greek, depending on the degree of Hellenization)
  • Homanades (Homana or Homona was their main settlement)
• Sidians
• Solymoi / Solymi
  • Milyans / Milyae
• Telchines?

Western Anatolian

• Lydians
  • Kaystrianoi / Caystriani
  • Kilbianoi / Cilbiani

• Trojans

Palaic peoples edit

• Paphlagonians?
  • Caucones? / Kaukauni?
  • Heneti?
  • Mariandyni?

Possible Anatolian (Indo-European) peoples

• Mysians? (possibly they were more related to the Phrygians, a non Anatolian Indo-European people, and therefore they were possibly not an Anatolian Indo-European people, Mysia was also known as Phrygia Hellespontica, however they probably had a mixing with an Anatolian people closer to the Lydians that would explain contradictory statements by ancient authors)
  • Milatai? / Milatae?
• Isuwans? (seem to have been a mixed Anatolian, Hurrian, and Mitanni population)

Armenians edit

Celts edit

Galatians edit

• Tectosages
• Tolistobogii / Tolistobogioi
• Trocmi / Trokmoi
• Aigosages, between Troy and Cyzicus
• Daguteni, in modern Marmara region around Orhaneli
• Inovanteni, east of the Trocnades
• Okondiani, between Phrygia and Galatia northeast of modern Akşehir Gölü
• Rigosages, unlocated

Greeks edit

• Central-Eastern Greeks
  • Central Greeks
    • Aeolians
  • Eastern Greeks
    • Achaeans (possible inhabitants of a land called Ahhiyawa by the Hittites)
    • Ionians
• Western Greeks
  • Dorians

Persians edit

Phrygians edit

• Kaourkoi / Caurci?
• Fontes?

Mysians edit

• Mysians (possibly they were more related to the Phrygians, a non Anatolian Indo-European people, and therefore they were possibly not an Anatolian Indo-European people, Mysia was also known as Phrygia Hellespontica, however they probably had a mixing with an Anatolian people closer to the Lydians that would explain contradictory statements by ancient authors)
  • Milatai? / Milatae?

Thracians edit

Bithynians edit

Thynians edit

Possible Indo-European peoples edit

Hayasa-Azzi edit

• Hayasans (Proto-Armenians?)
• Azzians (Proto-Armenians?)

Mushki edit

• Mushki
  • Western Mushki (synonymous of the Phrygians? and related Mysians?)
  • Eastern Mushki (Proto-Armenians?)
    • Moschi-Mossynoeci
      • Moschi (possible Mushki, Indo-European?, origin, assimilated by old Kartvelian peoples and named Meskhetians, the inhabitants of Meskheti in far southwestern Georgia - Sakartvelo)
      • Mossynoeci (possible Mushki, Indo-European?, origin, assimilated by old Kartvelian peoples and named Meskhetians, the inhabitants of Meskheti in far southwestern Georgia - Sakartvelo)

Urumu edit

• Urumu (Proto-Armenians?), allied with Mushki and Kaskians, possibly Arimi of Greek sources and Arme/Urme/Armini of Urartian sources

Tibareni edit

• Tibareni (several Classical Antiquity authors such as Herodotus, Xenophon and Strabo believed that they were of Scythian origin)

Diauehi edit

• Mentioned by Assyrians as one of the Nairi tribes inhabiting the Palu or Mush regions, later mentioned by Urartians in the vicinity of Kars Province, probably the Taochoi of Greek sources

Colchians edit

• Byzeres (The name of the historical region Odzrkhe is derived from the name of this tribe - Vidzerukh / Viterukh / Odzr(a)khe / Odzrkhe)
• Drilae / Sanni
  • Drilae (according to Arrian, Drilae and Sanni were the same people) (ancestors of present-day Zans)
  • Sanni (ancestors of present-day Zans)
• Machelones-Macrones
  • Machelones (closely related to the Macrones)
  • Macrones (ancestors of present-day Mingrelians)
• Marres
• Phasians
• Zydretae

Possible Kartvelian peoples edit

Eastern Mushki edit

• Moschi-Mossynoeci
  • Moschi (possible Mushki, Kartvelian?, origin, and named Meskhetians, the inhabitants of Meskheti in far southwestern Georgia - Sakartvelo)
  • Mossynoeci (possible Mushki, Kartvelian?, origin, and named Meskhetians, the inhabitants of Meskheti in far southwestern Georgia - Sakartvelo)

Tibareni edit

• Tibareni (several Classical Antiquity authors such as Herodotus, Xenophon and Strabo believed that they were of Scythian origin)

Possibly connected to Hattians and/or Northwest Caucasians.

• List of ancient peoples of Italy
• Ancient regions of Anatolia

• Steadman, Sharon R.; McMahon, Gregory (2011). The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia: (10,000-323 BCE). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195376142.