• Monarch – Louis Philippe I

• 16 May - French conquest of Algeria: Battle of the Smala - French troops led by Henri d'Orléans, duc d'Aumale, are victorious over Algerian forces led by Emir Abdelkader.
• 4 July - Sanwi, a traditional kingdom located in the south-east corner of modern-day Côte d'Ivoire, becomes a protectorate of Louis Philippe.

January to June edit

• 10 February - Philippe Alexandre Jules Künckel d'Herculais, entomologist (died 1918)
• 14 February - Louis Diémer, pianist and composer (died 1919)
• 2 March - André Fernand Thesmar, enameler (died 1912)^[1]
• 5 March - Hugh Antoine d'Arcy, poet, writer and pioneer executive in the American motion picture industry (died 1925)
• 14 March - Leon Dehon, clergyman (died 1925)
• 29 March - Paul Ferrier, dramatist (died 1928)
• 21 May - Édouard-Henri Avril, painter and commercial artist (died 1928)
• 19 June - Charles-Edouard Lefebvre, composer (died 1917)
• 26 June - Paul Arène, poet and writer (died 1896)

July to December edit

• 13 July - Jean Marie Antoine de Lanessan, statesman and naturalist (died 1919)
• 17 August - Alexandre Lacassagne, physician and criminologist (died 1924)
• 29 August - Alfred Agache, painter (died 1915)
• 6 September - Yves Guyot, politician and economist (died 1928)
• 13 September - Louis Duchesne, priest, philologist, teacher and historian (died 1922)
• 21 September - Gabriel Paul Othenin de Cléron, comte d'Haussonville, politician and author (died 1924)
• 29 September - Jacques-Joseph Grancher, pediatrician (died 1907)
• 16 October - Émile Delahaye, automotive pioneer (died 1905)
• 12 December - Marcel Deprez, electrical engineer (died 1918)

Full date unknown edit

• Paul Adolphe Marie Prosper Granier de Cassagnac, journalist and politician (died 1904)

• 4 January - Hippolyte de Bouchard, sailor and corsair (b. c. 1780)
• 11 January - Antoine Bournonville, ballet dancer, actor, singer and choreographer (born 1760)
• 2 March - François-Joseph-Philippe de Riquet, nobleman (born 1771)
• 30 April - Gaspard de Chabrol, prefect of the Seine (born 1773)
• 24 May - Sylvestre François Lacroix, mathematician (born 1765)
• 7 June - Alexis Bouvard, astronomer (born 1767)
• 25 June - Marie Anne Lenormand, professional fortune-teller (born 1772)
• 12 August - Jean-Pierre Cortot, sculptor (born 1787)
• 4 September - Léopoldine Hugo, daughter of Victor Hugo (born 1824)
• 11 September - Joseph Nicollet, geographer and mathematician (born 1786)
• 19 September - Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis, mathematician, mechanical engineer and scientist (born 1792)
• 24 October - Antoine Berjon, painter and designer (born 1754)
• 11 December - Casimir Delavigne, poet and dramatist (born 1793)
• 26 December - Albert Gaspard Grimod, general and nobleman (born 1772)

Full date unknown edit

• Claude Louis Séraphin Barizain, actor (born 1783)
• Casimir, Comte de Montrond, diplomatic agent (born 1768)
• Auguste Defauconpret, writer and translator (born 1767)
• Pierre-Philippe Thomire, sculptor (born 1751)