The studio was established on June 14, 2011, by Masao Maruyama, a co-founder and former producer of Madhouse, at the age of 70.[4] Maruyama served as the company's first representative director, and the studio's initial goal was to produce Sunao Katabuchi's In This Corner of the World. Due to financial difficulties at Madhouse, Maruyama and Katabuchi established MAPPA in the hopes of producing the film; however, despite moving studios, the film had a lot of production troubles, and wasn't released until 5 years later.[5] Maruyama first started working with Katabuchi for the film in 2010 during Madhouse era, but it took three years to start the production due to difficulties to raising funds.[6]
In April 2016, Maruyama resigned as a CEO of the studio and became a chairman. Studio animation producer Manabu Otsuka, a founding member and a former employee of Studio 4°C, became the CEO following Maruyama's official departure.
Controversiesedit
The studio's scheduling, work, and culture have been the subject of intense scrutiny.[7] Veteran animator Hisashi Eguchi criticized the studio's low pay.[8] Mushiyo, another animator at MAPPA, also criticized the company for not properly training its animators and the studio's culture of overwork, which led to them eventually quitting their job at the studio.[9] Besides the animator's individual output within the studio, they also criticized the company's decision to produce four series concurrently.[9] Kevin Cirugeda from Sakugablog suggested the problems were due to the studio's incredibly fast-paced growth and "recklessness".[10]
Cirugeda also noted that in the 20 televised animes MAPPA produced from the beginning of 2015 to the beginning of 2020, the company had only been on the production committee for four of them, all of which listed MAPPA near the bottom or at the very bottom of the list, indicating that they served to a capacity almost as if they were being specifically contracted for work even on "original" series.[10]
MAPPA denied offering "unreasonable compensation" to "creators" in a response to claims that the studio underpaid workers;[11] however, animator Ippei Ichii claimed that an anime produced by MAPPA under Netflix was suggesting a pay of ¥3,800 per cut,[11] to which Ichii claimed that ¥15,000 is the minimum cost that animators should negotiate for.[11]
Dreaming Machine (film, N/A) – cancelled film, originally directed by Satoshi Kon and taken over by Yoshimi Itazu after Kon's death; planned co-production with Madhouse[87][88]
Hana wa Saku (ONA, 2013) – music video for song by Yoko Kanno, the theme for NHK's Great Eastern Japan Earthquake Project; directed by Sunao Katabuchi[89]
Korekarasaki, Nando Anata to. (ONA, 2013) – music video for song by Mishmash and Aimee Isobe; directed by Sunao Katabuchi
Sex: Prologue (OVA, 2018) – promotional video for the 30th anniversary of manga Sex by Atsushi Kamijo; directed by Sayo Yamamoto[90]
Kick-Flight Promotional Video; Kick-Flight × KANA-BOON (ONA, 2019) – promotional video for the mobile game Kick-Flight, featuring the song "Flyers" by Kana-Boon; directed by Munehisa Sakai[91]
Persona 5 Royal (game, 2019) – opening animation for PlayStation 4 video game by Atlus; directed by Yuichiro Hayashi; co-produced by Domerica
Grizzly, an animation studio specialized solely on BL titles
Notesedit
^Four special episodes were included in the Blu-ray/DVD release.
^Two special episodes were included in the Blu-ray/DVD release (volume 2).
^Two special episodes were included in the Blu-ray/DVD release (volume 3).
^A recap of the first six episodes was aired on November 17, 2014. Two special "short story" episodes were released on December 28, 2016, and February 20, 2017.[18]
^A special episode titled Imprint Butterfly was included in the BD/DVD release.
^A special episode titled Yuri!!! on Ice: Yuri Plisetsky GBF in Barcelona EX "Welcome to the Madness" was included in the BD/DVD release (volume 6).[26]
^Three special picture drama episodes were included in the BD/DVD release.
^Two special episodes were streamed on March 28, 2020, and August 26, 2020.[40][41]
^Six short bonus episodes were included in the Blu-ray release (volume 2).[44]
^The season consisted of 28 standard-length episodes followed by two specials, which were later edited into seven additional standard-length episodes.[51]
^An extended version of In This Corner of the World featuring about 30 minutes of additional footage for a total duration of 168 minutes. It surpassed the extended 70mm cut of Final Yamato by five minutes to become the longest animated film to date.
^"COMPANY". MAPPA (in Japanese). Retrieved April 26, 2023.
^"Otakon 2014 Guests". Otakon. Archived from the original on November 2, 2014. Retrieved December 9, 2014.
^"Cowboy Bebop Helmer Shinichiro Watanabe, MAPPA Plan New TV Anime". Anime News Network. October 15, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2014.
^"About". www.mappa.co.jp (in Japanese). MAPPA. Archived from the original on June 22, 2017. Retrieved November 27, 2014.
^"アニメプロデューサー丸山正雄氏 MAPPA設立を語る". アニメ!アニメ!ビズ. September 22, 2012. Archived from the original on November 19, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2015.
^"ドロヘドロ、ゾンビランドサガ…アニメスタジオ・MAPPA、ヒット作の裏にある"手のかかること"をやる精神【インタビュー】". アニメ!アニメ!. July 1, 2020. Retrieved July 26, 2020.
^Liborek (September 19, 2017). "WHAT'S UP WITH MAPPA?". Sakugablog. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
^Cirugeda, Kevin (January 3, 2019). "WINTER 2019 ANIME PREVIEW". Sakugablog. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
^ abLoveridge, Lynzee (May 15, 2021). "Former MAPPA Animator Describes Working Conditions as Like a 'Factory'". Anime News Network. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
^ abCirugeda, Kevin (June 2, 2020). "ATTACK ON TITAN THE FINAL SEASON AND STUDIO MAPPA: FATED TO END TOGETHER". Sakugablog. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
^ abcLoveridge, Lynzee (February 15, 2022). "Attack on Titan The Final Season Episode Director Goes Home for the First Time in 3 Days". Anime News Network. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
^"坂道のアポロン KIDS ON THE SLOfPE". Media Arts Database (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
^Pineda, Rafael Antonio (February 20, 2017). "Rage Of Bahamut Virgin Soul Anime' 2nd 'Short Story' Video Feature Kaiser and Jeanne". Anime News Network. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
^Pineda, Rafael Antonio (September 10, 2018). "Zombieland Saga Anime's Video Reveals Staff, More Cast, October 4 Premiere". Anime News Network. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
^Ressler, Karen (August 21, 2018). "Kakegurui Anime's 2nd Season to Debut in January With Returning Staff, Cast". Anime News Network. Retrieved August 21, 2018.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (June 3, 2019). "To the Abandoned Sacred Beasts Anime's Promo Video Reveals July 1 Premiere". Anime News Network. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
^Sherman, Jennifer (December 27, 2019). "Granblue Fantasy Anime's Djeeta Special Reveals Visual, March 27 Premiere". Anime News Network. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (July 4, 2020). "Granblue Fantasy Season 2 Anime's Extra Episode to Stream on Crunchyroll, HIDIVE, Funimation, AnimeLab". Anime News Network. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
^Loo, Egan (August 3, 2019). "Granblue Fantasy Anime Season 2's 1st Promo Reveals Revamped MAPPA Staff, Cast, October 4 Debut". Anime News Network. Retrieved August 3, 2019.
^Pineda, Rafael Antonio (June 13, 2019). "MAPPA, Lapin Track Make Tama and Friends' Uchi Tama!? TV Anime for Winter 2020". Anime News Network. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (May 1, 2020). "Dorohedoro's 6 'Ma no Omake' Bonus Anime Shorts Previewed in Video". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
^Pineda, Rafael Antonio (October 11, 2019). "Dorohedoro TV Anime Reveals Promo Video, Staff, Cast, January 12 Premiere Date". Anime News Network. Retrieved October 11, 2019.
^Loo, Egan (February 1, 2020). "Rock Battle TV Anime 'Listeners' Confirms More Cast, Characters, Story, Ending Song Artist, April Premiere (Updated)". Anime News Network. Retrieved February 1, 2020.
^Pineda, Rafael Antonio; Sherman, Jennifer (April 16, 2020). "The God of High School Anime Reveals Trailer, Cast, Staff". Anime News Network. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (June 15, 2020). "Mr Love: Queen's Choice TV Anime Reveals Theme Song Artists, July 15 Debut". Anime News Network. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
^Loo, Egan (August 13, 2020). "MAPPA's Zombie Land Saga Team Makes Original Gymnastics TV Anime Taiso Samurai in October". Anime News Network. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
^Pineda, Rafael Antonio (May 19, 2020). "Jujutsu Kaisen Anime's Video Reveals New Cast, Staff, October Premiere". Anime News Network. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
^"Hōsō Jōhō | Terebi Anime "Shingeki no Kyojin'" Za Fainaru Shīzun" 放送情報 | TVアニメ「進撃の巨人」The Final Season [Broadcast Information | TV Anime "Attack on Titan" The Final Season]. shingeki.tv (in Japanese). Retrieved November 5, 2023.
^Pineda, Rafael Antonio (September 23, 2020). "Attack on Titan The Final Season Anime Premieres on December 7 (Updated)". Anime News Network. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (October 13, 2021). "Attack on Titan The Final Season Anime's Part 2 Video Reveals Premiere on January 9". Anime News Network. Retrieved October 13, 2021.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (January 17, 2023). "Attack on Titan The Final Season Anime's Conclusion to Air in 2 Parts With 1st Part on March 3". Anime News Network. Retrieved January 17, 2023.
^Cayanan, Joanna (July 2, 2023). "Attack on Titan The Final Season Part 4 Anime Reveals Trailer". Anime News Network. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
^Loo, Egan (December 31, 2020). "Zombie Land Saga Revenge Anime's Promo Video Announces Cast, Staff, April Premiere". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 31, 2020.
^Pineda, Rafael Antonio (March 4, 2021). "MAPPA Reveals RE-MAIN Water Polo TV Anime With Tiger & Bunny Writer". Anime News Network. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (November 5, 2020). "MAPPA Animates Heion Sedai no idaten-tachi Anime for Noitamina in July 2021". Anime News Network. Retrieved November 5, 2020.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (March 10, 2022). "MAPPA Animates Dance Dance Danseur TV Anime". Anime News Network. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (December 18, 2021). "Chainsaw Man Anime Premieres in 2022". Anime News Network. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
^Mateo, Alex (June 8, 2022). "Vinland Saga Anime's 2nd Season Reveals Promo Video, Cast, January 2023 Premiere, Production by MAPPA". Anime News Network. Retrieved June 8, 2022.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (October 29, 2022). "Campfire Cooking in Another World with My Absurd Skill Novels Get TV Anime by MAPPA in January". Anime News Network. Retrieved October 29, 2022.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (December 18, 2022). "Hell's Paradise: Jigokuraku Anime's New Promo Video Reveals 7 Main Cast Members, April 2023 Debut". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 18, 2022.
^Harding, Daryl (March 24, 2023). "JUJUTSU KAISEN Anime Reveals Gojo's School Life in First Season 2 Trailer". Crunchyroll. Archived from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (May 21, 2023). "Banana Fish Director Hiroko Utsumi, MAPPA Unveil Bucchigiri?! TV Anime for January". Anime News Network. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (December 17, 2023). "Bōkyaku Battery Baseball TV Anime Reveals Staff, More Cast, April 2024 Debut". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 17, 2023.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (March 22, 2024). "MAPPA Reveals ZENSHU. Original TV Anime". Anime News Network. Retrieved March 22, 2024.
^Mateo, Alex (July 1, 2023). "Hell's Paradise: Jigokuraku Anime Gets 2nd Season". Anime News Network. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
^Khan, Faizan (December 13, 2023). "Campfire Cooking in Another World Season 2 Announced". Anime Dropz. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
^Mateo, Alex (July 20, 2023). "Adult Swim, Cowboy Bebop's Shinichiro Watanabe, MAPPA Produce New Original Anime Lazarus". Anime News Network. Retrieved July 20, 2023.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (March 29, 2019). "In This Corner of the World Anime Film's Extended Version Opens on December 20". Anime News Network. Retrieved March 30, 2019.
^Mateo, Alex (March 26, 2021). "Jujutsu Kaisen Anime Gets Film This Winter". Anime News Network. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (July 13, 2022). "Shinichiro Watanabe Directs 'A Girl Meets a boy and a Robot'Animated short for Chinese Anthology". Anime News Network. Retrieved March 22, 2023.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (May 21, 2023). "Mari Okada, MAPPA's Alice to Therese no Maboroshi Kōjō Anime Film Reveals Cast, Story, Teaser, September 15 Debut". Anime News Network. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
^Hodgkins, Crystalyn (October 17, 2021). "Zombie Land Saga Anime Gets Film Project". Anime News Network. Retrieved October 17, 2021.
^"Chainsaw Man Anime Gets 'Reze Arc' Film". Anime News Network. December 17, 2023. Retrieved December 17, 2023.
^Loo, Egan (September 6, 2016). "DAYS Soccer Manga to Bundle to 2 New Original Anime DVDs". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
^Loo, Egan (October 17, 2017). "DAYS Soccer TV Anime Gets Finale as 3 New Original Anime DVDs". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
^Loveridge, Lynzee (April 14, 2013). "Yoko Kanno's Quake Relief CD Includes Anime Video". Retrieved March 21, 2022.
^Loveridge, Lynzee (December 27, 2017). "Yuri on Ice's Sayo Yamamoto Directs Sex Manga Anime Promo". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
^Loveridge, Lynzee (June 5, 2019). "Zombieland Saga Director Makes Kick-Flight Game's Anime Promo". Anime News Network. Retrieved June 6, 2019.
^Loo, Egan (April 1, 2021). "MajiDesu: Oretachi Maji-kō Destroy Manga Volume 5 Gets Music Video Animated by MAPPA". Anime News Network. Retrieved August 3, 2023.
^Romano, Sal (March 9, 2023). "Inazuma Eleven: Victory Road – LEVEL-5 Vision 2023 Tsuzumi teaser trailer, new details". Gematsu. Retrieved March 9, 2023.
^Sherman, Jennifer (June 14, 2017). "Pluto Anime, New Patlabor EZY Anime Project Revealed". Anime News Network. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
^"Tokyo Animation Business Accelerator our Exhibition in 2017". anime-tokyo.com. June 14, 2017. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
^"Have you seen "Seventeen" Music Video??". Ayase / YOASOBI. April 3, 2023. Retrieved April 24, 2023.
^Kimura, Makoto [@Kimu777] (April 3, 2024). MAPPAの役員を3月末で退任して独立しました!会社名は株式会社BLUE RIGHTSです!これまでやってきたアニメ、音楽、商品、イベント、催事、海外展開などなど!日本初の素晴らしいカルチャーを世界に届け、作り手が幸せになるスキームを再構築すべく頑張っていこうと思ってます!よろしくお願いします! [I resigned from the board of MAPPA at the end of March and became independent! The company name is BLUE RIGHTS Co., Ltd.! I have been working on anime, music, products, events, promotions, overseas expansion, etc! that have been done so far. I will do my best to deliver Japan's first great culture to the world and rebuild a scheme that makes creators happy! Thank you very much!] (Tweet) (in Japanese). Retrieved April 3, 2024 – via Twitter.
^ abcdefg新経営体制に関するお知らせ [Notice Regarding New Management Structure]. MAPPA (in Japanese). April 1, 2024. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
^"境宗久① オープニングに胸高鳴らせた『銀河鉄道999』". Febri (in Japanese). October 17, 2022. Retrieved October 17, 2022.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to MAPPA.
Official website(in Japanese)
Company profile Archived May 31, 2019, at the Wayback Machine(in English)