UR-200 Knowpia

UR-200
SS-10 Scrag
UR-200; SS-10 Scrag
Type	Intercontinental ballistic missile
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Service history
In service	1963-1964
Production history
Designer	OKB-52
Designed	1962
Specifications (8K81)
Mass	135,710 kg (299,190 lb)
Height	34.65 m (113.7 ft)
Diameter	3 m (9.8 ft)
Wingspan	4.2 m (14 ft)
Warhead	Nuclear warhead
Engine	First stage, RD-0202 liquid-fuel rocket; Second stage, RD-0205 liquid-fuel rocket; First stage, 2,236 kN (503,000 lbf); Second stage, 606.4 kN (136,300 lbf)
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
Operational; range	12,000 kilometres (7,500 mi)
Flight ceiling	185 km (115 mi) apogee
Maximum speed	Mach 20 (24,500 km/h; 15,200 mph; 6.81 km/s)
Guidance; system	Inertial

The UR-200 was an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) developed by Vladimir Chelomey's OKB-52 in the Soviet Union. It was known during the Cold War by the NATO reporting name SS-10 Scrag and internally by the GRAU index 8K81. The design was authorized by the Decisions of the Central Committee of the CPSU of March 16 and August 1, 1961, and the draft project was finished in July^{[clarification needed]} 1962. It first flew on November 4, 1963, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The ninth and final flight was conducted on October 20, 1964.

Description edit

The UR-200 was a two-stage liquid-propellant universal ICBM for delivery of replaceable^{[clarification needed]} payloads to the range up to 12000 km, launch of interceptor satellites for space defense, naval recon satellites, and orbital maneuvering warheads. It was capable of carrying around 3,175 kilograms (7,000 lb) of payload, and could be launched from flat pads, or missile silos built for the R-16 missile. Unusually for a Soviet missile, the first stage provided attitude control by means of thrust vectoring. Nitrogen tetroxide and UDMH were used as propellants.

FOBS edit

The FOBS, or Fractional Orbital Bombardment System, was a Soviet programme to place a nuclear warhead into a 150 km low Earth orbit, in order to allow the warhead to approach the enemy from any direction, below missile tracking radar systems. The UR-200 was one of several rockets proposed for this purpose, along with the 8K713 and R-36. The use of the UR-200 for FOBS deployment was cancelled in October 1964, when Nikita Khrushchev was removed from power.

Operational history edit

The UR-200 was never deployed operationally. The successful development of the storable hypergolic-fuelled R-36 silo-launched missile led to the cancellation of the UR-200 in 1965.