The Sultan of Perak (سلطان ڤيراق) is one of the oldest hereditary seats among the Malay states.
Sultan of Perak | |
---|---|
سلطان ڤيراق | |
State | |
Incumbent | |
Sultan Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah Al-Maghfur-Lah since 29 May 2014 | |
Details | |
Style | His Royal Highness |
Heir presumptive | Raja Jaafar |
First monarch | Sultan Muzaffar Shah |
Formation | 1528 |
Residence | Istana Iskandariah, Kuala Kangsar |
Website | sultan |
When the Sultanate of Malacca empire fell to Portugal in 1511, Sultan Mahmud Syah I retreated to Kampar, Sumatra, and died there in 1528. He left behind two princes named Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II and Sultan Muzaffar Syah. The former went on to establish the Sultanate of Johor. Muzaffar Syah was invited to rule Perak, and he became the first sultan of Perak.
In contrast to the other Malay sultanates, the ruling dynasty of Perak utilises a somewhat complex order of succession.
The reigning Sultan appoints princes in the male line of descent from a Sultan to certain high princely titles. They are arranged in a strict order of precedence indicating the order of succession to the throne. As per ruling of 25 February 1953, the present hierarchy of titles and the corresponding order of succession is as follows:[1]
While titleholders are usually appointed for life, titles may be revoked in cases of proven incompetence or disability. On the death or promotion of an existing titleholder, the holder of the next most senior title succeeds him. The Raja Muda is the heir apparent, and succeeds the ruling sultan on his demise, whereupon the prince holding the title of Raja Di-Hilir becomes the new Raja Muda. The Raja Kechil Besar then becomes the Raja Di-Hilir. The new Sultan may then appoint his own nominee to the junior-most title made vacant by these successions.[citation needed]
The 2 most senior titleholders are confirmed by a majority vote of the representatives of the Perak State Legislative Assembly.
No. | Name | Reign |
---|---|---|
1 | Muzaffar Shah I | 1528–1549 |
2 | Mansur Shah I | 1549–1577 |
3 | Ahmad Tajuddin Shah | 1577–1584 |
4 | Tajul Ariffin Shah I | 1584–1594 |
5 | Alauddin Shah | 1594–1603 |
6 | Mukaddam Shah | 1603–1619 |
7 | Mansur Shah II | 1619–1627 |
8 | Mahmud Shah I | 1627–1630 |
9 | Salehuddin Shah | 1630–1636 |
No. | Name | Reign |
---|---|---|
10 | Muzaffar Shah II | 1636–1653 |
11 | Mahmud Iskandar Shah | 1653–1720 |
12 | Alauddin Mughayat Shah | 1720–1728 |
13 | Muzaffar Riayat Shah III (Ruled Upper Perak) |
1728–1752 |
14 | Muhammad Mughayat Shah (Ruled Lower Perak) |
1744–1750 |
15 | Iskandar Zulkarnain | 1752–1765 |
16 | Mahmud Shah II | 1765–1773 |
17 | Alauddin Mansur Shah Iskandar Muda | 1773–1786 |
18 | Ahmaddin Shah | 1786–1806 |
19 | Abdul Malik Mansur Shah | 1806–1825 |
20 | Abdullah Mu’azzam Shah | 1825–1830 |
21 | Shahabuddin Riayat Shah | 1830–1851 |
22 | Abdullah Muhammad Shah I | 1851–1857 |
23 | Ja’afar Safiuddin Mu’azzam Shah | 1857–1865 |
24 | Ali Al-Mukammal Inayat Shah | 1865–1871 |
25 | Ismail Mu’abidin Riayat Shah | 1871–1874 |
26 | Abdullah Muhammad Shah II | 1874–1876 |
27 | Yusuf Sharifuddin Muzaffar Shah | 1886–1887 (regent 1877–1886) |
28 | Idris Murshidul Azzam Shah | 1887–1916 |
29 | Abdul Jalil Karamatullah Nasiruddin Mukhataram Shah | 1916–1918 |
30 | Iskandar Shah | 1918–1938 |
31 | Abdul Aziz Al-Mu'tasim Billah Shah | 1938–1948 |
32 | Yussuff Izzuddin Shah | 1948–1963 |
33 | Idris Al-Mutawakil Alallahi Shah | 1963–1984 |
34 | Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah | 1984–2014 |
35 | Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah | 2014–present |
The Perak royal regalia consists of items that are said to have been with the Perak Sultanate from its inception, some of which pre-dating the Malacca Sultanate. The regalia is mainly used during the installation ceremony of Sultan of Perak and few other royal ceremonies.[2][3]
The following is the orders, decorations, and medals given by Sultan of Perak. When applicable, post-nominal letters and non-hereditary titles are indicated.[6][7]