Madrid_runway_disaster Knowpia

Madrid runway disaster
Iberia Flight 350 · Aviaco Flight 134
	Overview of Madrid–Barajas Airport, the site of the disaster.
Accident
Date	7 December 1983
Summary	Runway incursion due to inadequate signs and markings
Site	Madrid–Barajas Airport ; 40°28′11″N 3°33′46″W / 40.46972°N 3.56278°W
Total fatalities	93
Total injuries	30 (all on the Boeing 727)
Total survivors	42
First aircraft
	; EC-CFJ, the Boeing 727 involved in the collision, seen at London Heathrow Airport, in 1981
Type	Boeing 727-256
Name	Jumila
Operator	Iberia
IATA flight No.	IB350
ICAO flight No.	IBE350
Call sign	IBERIA 350
Registration	EC-CFJ
Flight origin	Madrid–Barajas Airport (MAD/LEMD)
Destination	Roma–Fiumicino Airport (FCO/LIRF)
Occupants	93
Passengers	84
Crew	9
Fatalities	51
Injuries	30
Survivors	42
Second aircraft
	; EC-CGS, the DC-9 involved in the collision, seen at Basel Mulhouse Freiburg Airport, in 1980
Type	McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32
Name	Vasco Núñez de Balboa
Operator	Aviaco
IATA flight No.	AO134
ICAO flight No.	AYC134
Call sign	AVIACO 134
Registration	EC-CGS
Flight origin	Madrid–Barajas Airport (MAD/LEMD)
Destination	Santander Airport (SDR/LEXJ)
Occupants	42
Passengers	37
Crew	5
Fatalities	42
Survivors	0

The Madrid runway disaster was on 7 December 1983 when a departing Iberia Boeing 727 struck an Aviaco McDonnell Douglas DC-9 at Madrid-Barajas Airport, causing the deaths of 93 passengers and crew.

Passengers and crew edit

There were 84 passengers and 9 crew members aboard Iberia Flight 350. The captain was Carlos Lopez Barranco, 43, who had accumulated 8,860 flight hours as a pilot, with 1,919 hours on the 727. The second-in-command was First Officer Juan José Ochoa, 41, with 3,474 flight hours, 2,840 of which were on the 727. They were accompanied by second officer and flight engineer Luis Luengo, 37, who had 7,211 flight hours of experience.

There were 37 passengers and 5 crew members aboard Aviaco Flight 134. Commanding the flight was the experienced Captain Augusto Almoguera, 54, who had accumulated 13,442 flight hours of experience, 6,600 on the DC-9. Captain Almoguera knew Captain Lopez Barranco, who had been his instructor in air training courses at the Jerez de la Frontera Base. He was accompanied by the first officer and co-pilot José María Gibernau, 39, with 10,322 flight hours, 3,655 of which were on the DC-9.

Crash edit

On 7 December 1983, a Boeing 727 of Iberia (Spain's state airline) registered EC-CFJ, operating Iberia Flight 350, a scheduled flight to Rome's Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport, was cleared for take-off from Madrid-Barajas Airport's Runway 01 in conditions of thick fog.^[2]^[3] At the same time, a DC-9 of Aviaco registered EC-CGS, operating Aviaco Flight 134, was taxiing to the end of the same runway for take-off bound for Santander Airport.^[4] As the Boeing 727 rolled along the runway, the crew of the DC-9 accidentally made a wrong turn in the fog and taxied their aircraft onto the runway, into the path of the 727. The crew of the 727 saw the DC-9 and attempted to avoid the collision by rotating their aircraft for lift-off; however, the 727 had not reached flying speed and its rear fuselage struck the DC-9.^[3]^[4] Both aircraft caught fire and were destroyed; all 42 people on board the DC-9 were killed, while 51 (50 passengers, one crew member) of the 93 on board the Boeing 727 were killed.^[2]^[5]

Notable victims edit

Among those killed were Mexican actress Fanny Cano (aboard the Iberia 727) and South African pianist Marc Raubenheimer (aboard the Aviaco DC-9).^[6]

Investigation edit

Investigators found that the Boeing 727 and DC-9 had collided due to the poor visibility at the airport, as well as inadequate signs and markings, which led to the DC-9 entering the runway without clearance as the Boeing 727 was taking off.^[2]

References edit

^ ^a ^b "Final report of the accident in English" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-256 EC-CFJ Madrid-Barajas Airport (MAD)". Aviation Safety Network. Flight Safety Foundation. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Madrid Cleared?", Flight International, 17 December 1983, p. 1582 (online archive version), retrieved 17 April 2012
^ ^a ^b Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 EC-CGS Madrid-Barajas Airport (MAD)". Aviation Safety Network. Flight Safety Foundation. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
^ "Madrid airport crash death toll set at 92". The Calgary Herald. Reuters. Retrieved 11 February 2020 – via Google News.
^ "30 años de la pérdida de José Mª Cagigal en el siniestro de Barajas y del que se libró Ballesteros" [30 years after the loss of José Mª Cagigal in the Barajas incident and from which Ballesteros was spared]. Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 January 2020. Tal día como hoy de 1983, el aeropuerto de Madrid-Barajas registraba su accidente más mortal hasta el momento, con un total de 93 muertos. La desgracia quiso que entre esas vítimas se encontrase José María Cagigal y dos colaboradores. [On this day, as of 1983, the Madrid-Barajas airport recorded its deadliest accident so far, with a total of 93 dead. Misfortune wanted José María Cagigal and two collaborators to be among those victims.]