This is a list of known wars, conflicts, battles/sieges, missions and operations involving former kingdoms and states in the Indian subcontinent and the modern day Republic of India and its predecessors.
Name of conflict | Belligerents | Belligerents | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Battle of the Ten Kings (c. 14th century BCE) | Bharata kingdom | Ten King Alliance | Bharatas Victory
|
Kurukshetra War | Pandavas of Kuru Kingdom | Kaurava of Kuru Kingdom | Pandavas Victory
|
Kosala-Kashi war (c. 650 BCE) |
Kosala kingdom | Kasi kingdom | Kosala Victory
|
Kosala conquest of Gaṇasaṅgha (c. 600 to 550 BCE) |
Kosala kingdom | Gaṇasaṅghas Kālāma Shakya Koliya |
Kosala Victory
|
Gandhāra-Avanti war (c. 575 BCE) |
Gandhāra kingdom | Pradyota dynasty | Gandhāra Victory
|
Magadha-Anga war (c. 535 BCE) |
Haryanka dynasty | Anga Kingdom | Magadha Victory
|
Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley (c. 535/518BCE–450 BCE) |
Mahajanapadas | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Victory
|
Avanti-Magadhan wars (c. 510 BCE–400 BCE) |
Haryanka dynasty Shishunaga dynasty |
Avanti (Ancient India) | Magadha Victory
|
Magadha-Kosala war (c. 485 BCE) |
Kosala kingdom | Magadha led by Haryanka dynasty | Magadha Victory
|
Magadha-Vajji war (c. 484 BCE–468 BCE) |
Haryanka dynasty | Vajjika League led by the Licchavis | Magadha Victory
|
Indian campaign of Alexander the Great (c. 327 BCE–325 BCE) |
Macedonian Empire | Various Indian kingdoms | * Macedonia conquers up to the Beas River, yet has to stop its advance in the Indus. |
Battle of the Hydaspes (c. 326 BCE) |
Porus | Macedon League of Corinth Persian allies Indian allies |
Macedon Victory
|
Conquest of the Nanda Empire (c. 323 BCE–322 BCE) |
Chandragupta Maurya | Nanda Empire | Maurya Victory
|
Seleucid–Mauryan war (c. 305 BCE–303 BCE) |
Maurya Empire | Seleucid Empire | Maurya Victory |
Kalinga War (c. 262 BCE–261 BCE) |
Maurya Empire | Kalinga | Maurya Victory
|
Shunga-Greek War (2nd Century BCE) |
Shunga dynasty | Greco-Bactrian Kingdom | Shunga Victory |
Battle of Vijithapura (c. 162/161 BCE) |
Chola dynasty | Anuradhapura Kingdom | Anuradhapura Victory |
Battle of Vidarbha (c. 145 BCE) |
Shunga Empire | Vidarbha kingdom (Mauryan era) | Shunga Victory |
Battle on the Sindhu river (c. 135 BCE) |
Shunga Empire | Indo-Greek Kingdom | Shunga Victory |
Name of conflict (Time) | Belligerents | Opponents | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
First Battle of Cannanore
(1501) |
Kingdom of Calicut | Portuguese Empire | Portuguese victory |
Battle of Calicut (1503) | Kingdom of Calicut
Arab privateers |
Portuguese Empire | Portuguese victory |
Battle of Cochin
(1504) |
Kingdom of Calicut
Vassal Malabari states
|
Portugal | Portuguese victory |
Portuguese-Mamluk naval war
(1505–1517) |
Mamluk Sultanate
Supported by: |
Portuguese Empire | Portuguese victory
|
Siege of Anjadiva (1506) | Bijapur Sultanate | Portuguese Empire | Bijapur victory |
Siege of Cannanore (1507) | Kingdom of Cannanore | Portuguese Empire | Portuguese victory |
Battle of Dabul
(1508) |
Bijapur Sultanate | Portuguese Empire | Portuguese victory |
Gujarati–Portuguese conflicts
(1508–1573) |
Gujarat Sultanate
Supported by: Mamluk Sultanate (until 1517) Ottoman Empire (since 1517) |
Portuguese Empire | Portuguese victory
|
Portuguese conquest of Goa
(1510) |
Bijapur Sultanate | Kingdom of Portugal | Portuguese victory
|
Siege of Aden
(1513) |
Portuguese Empire | Yemeni Tahirids | Tahirid victory |
Siege of Goa (1517) | Bijapur Sultanate | Portuguese Empire | Portuguese victory |
Battle of Zeila
(1517) |
Portuguese Empire | Adal Sultanate | Portuguese victory |
Sinhalese–Portuguese conflicts
(1518–1658)
|
Kingdom of Sitawaka
Supported by: Dutch East India Company (From 1638) |
Portuguese Empire | Stalemate
|
Battle of Khatoli (1518) |
Kingdom of Mewar | Delhi Sultanate | Rajput victory
|
Battle of Gagron (1519) |
Rajput Confedracy | Malwa Sultanate Gujarat Sultanate |
Rajput victory
|
Battle of Dholpur (1519) |
Rajput Confedracy | Delhi Sultanate | Rajput victory
|
Battle of Gujarat (1520) (1520) |
Rajput Confedracy | Gujarat Sultanate | Rajput victory
|
Battle of Raichur (20 May 1520) |
Vijaynagar Empire | Sultanate of Bijapur | Vijaynagar victory
|
First Battle of Panipat (1526) |
Delhi Sultanate | Emirate of Kabul | Mughal victory
|
Siege of Calicut (1526)
|
Zamorin of Calicut | Portuguese Empire | Zamorin victory |
Battle of Bayana (21 February 1527) |
Rajput Confedracy | Mughal Empire
|
Rajput victory
|
Battle of Khanwa (16 March 1527) |
Rajput Confederacy | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Ghaghra (1529) |
Mughal Empire | Sultanate of Bengal | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Kannauj (1540) |
Mughal Empire | Sur Empire | Sur victory
|
Battle of Sammel (1544) |
Kingdom of Marwar | Sur Empire | Sur victory
|
Burmese–Siamese War (1547–1549)[5] | Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam)
Supported by: |
Toungoo dynasty (Burma) | Siam Victory |
Battle of Sirhind (1555) | Sur Empire | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory
|
Second Battle of Panipat (1556) |
Hemchandra Vikramaditya | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Tughlaqabad (7 October 1556) |
Hem Chandra Vikramaditya | Mughal Empire | Hem Chandra victory
|
Battle of Talikota (23 January 1565) |
Vijaynagar Empire | Deccan Sultanates | Deccan Sultanates victory
|
Siege of Chittorgarh (1567–1568) (23 October 1567 – 23 February 1568) |
Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory
|
Siege of Ranthambore (1568) (8 February 1568 – 21 March 1568) |
Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory
|
War of the League of the Indies
(1570 – 1574) |
Sultanate of Bijapur
Co-belligerents: Princely states of the Kanara coast |
Portuguese Empire | Portuguese victory |
Mughal invasion of Bengal (1572–1576) |
Mughal Empire | Sultanate of Bengal | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Haldighati (18 June 1576) |
Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal Empire | Inconclusive
|
Siege of Daman (1581)
|
Mughal Empire | Portuguese Empire | Portuguese victory |
Battle of Dewair (1582) (1582) |
Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal Empire | Rajput victory
|
Battle of Leitao Coast
(1586) |
Portuguese Empire | Arab Niquilus | Arab victory |
Spanish-Portuguese conflict on China (1598–1600) | Portuguese Empire | Spanish Empire | Portuguese victory |
Siege of Kottakkal
(1599–1600) |
Portuguese Empire | Kunjali Marakkar forces | Portuguese and Calicut victory |
Dutch–Portuguese War
(1601–1661)
|
Kingdom of Portugal
Supported by:
|
Dutch Republic
Supported by:
|
Indecisive
|
Battle of Dewair (1606) (1606) |
Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal Empire | Rajput victory
|
Battle of Swally
(1612) |
Kingdom of Portugal | English East India Company | British victory |
Mughal expedition of Mewar (1615) |
Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory
|
Ahom–Mughal conflicts (1615–1682) |
Ahom kingdom | Mughal Empire | Ahom victory
|
Battle of Toppur (1616–17) |
Imperial forces of Vijaynagar Empire Nayaks of Tanjore |
Second faction of Vijayanagara Empire Nayaks of Gingee Nayaks of Madurai Pandyas of Tirunelveli Kingdom of Travancore Portuguese |
Imperial Vijayanagara forces victory
|
Early Mugal-Sikh Wars (1621–1658) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire | Sikh victory
|
Battle of Rohila (1621) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire | Sikh victory
|
Mughal–Safavid war (1622–23) (1622–1623) |
Mughal Empire | Safavid Empire | Safavid victory
|
Spanish-Siam War | Iberian Union | Siam | Siam victory
|
Mombasa war
(1631–32) |
Portuguese Empire | Mombasa Sultanate | Portuguese Victory
|
Siege of Hooghly
(1632)
|
Mughal Empire | Portuguese Empire | Mughal Victory |
Battle of Amritsar (1634) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire | Sikh victory
|
Battle of Lahira (1634) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire | Sikh victory
|
Battle of Kartarpur (1635) |
Sikhs | Mughal Empire | Sikh victory
|
Siege of Orchha (1635) (1635) |
Bundela Rajputs | Mughal Empire | Mughal Victory
|
Battle of Phagwara (1635) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire | Sikh victory
|
Battle of Kiratpur (1638) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire | Sikh victory |
Siege of Daman (1638–1639) | Mughal Empire | Portuguese Empire | Portuguese victory |
Battle of Pipli[9] (1640) |
Mughal Empire | Denmark-Norway | Mughal victory |
Danish-Mughal War
(1642–1698)[9] |
Mughal Empire | Denmark-Norway | Stalemate
|
Mughal–Safavid war (1649–53) (1649–1653) |
Mughal Empire | Safavid Empire | Persian victory
|
Battle of Sutlej (1653) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire | Sikh victory
|
Invasions of Kiratpur (1658) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire | Sikh victory
|
Mughal conquest of Chittagong (1665–1666) |
Mughal Empire | Kingdom of Mrauk U | Mughal victory
|
Dutch-Zamorin Conflicts
(1666–1758) |
Zamorin | Dutch Republic | Dutch victory |
Rajput War (1679–1707) (1679–1707) |
Kingdom of Marwar Kingdom of Mewar |
Mughal Empire | Rajput victory
|
Tibet-Ladakh-Mughal war of 1679-1684 (1679–1684) |
Ladakh Mughal Empire |
Tibet Zungar Empire |
Mughal military victory
|
Deccan Wars (1681–1707) |
Maratha Empire | Mughal Empire | Inconclusive |
Maratha–Portuguese War
(1683–1684) |
Maratha Empire | Stalemate | |
Siege of Bijapur (1685–1686) |
Bijapur Sultanate Maratha Empire |
Mughal Empire | Mughal victory
|
Anglo-Mughal War (1686–1690) |
Mughal Empire | East India Company | Mughal victory
|
Siege of Golconda (1687) |
Mughal Empire | Golconda Sultanate | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Bhangani (1688) | Sikhs | Alliance of 16 Hill States, including: | Sikh victory |
Battle of Nadaun (1691) | Bilaspur State | Mughal Empire
Bijarwal State |
Sikh victory |
Mughal–Portuguese War
(1692–1693)
|
Mughal Empire | Portuguese Victory | |
Omani–Portuguese conflict (1696–1714) |
|
Omani Empire | Indecisive
|
Battle of Guler (1696) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire | Sikh victory |
Battle of Anandpur (1699) | Sikhs | Coalition of 22 Hill States (Rajas) | Sikh victory |
Battle of Anandpur (1700) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire
Coalition of 22 Hill States (Rajas) |
Sikh victory |
First siege of Anandpur (1700) | Sikhs | Coalition of 22 Hill States (Rajas), Ranghars, and Gujars | Sikh victory
|
Second siege of Anandpur (1704) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire
Coalition of 22 Hill States (Rajas) |
Peace Treaty
|
Battle of Chamkaur (1704) | Sikhs | Mughal Empire
Coalition of 22 Hill States (Rajas) |
Mughal and Hill Raja Victory
|
Rajput Rebellion 1708-1710 (1708–1710) |
Kingdom of Marwar Kingdom of Mewar Kingdom of Amber |
Mughal Empire | Rajput victory
|
Maratha–Portuguese War
(1725–1726)[12] |
Maratha Confederacy | Inconclusive
| |
Maratha–Portuguese War
(1729–1732) |
Maratha Confederacy |
Supported by: |
Portuguese Victory
|
Novas Conquistas (1729–1789) | Kingdom of Mysore
Maratha Empire |
Portuguese Empire
Supported by: Rajahnate of Soonda Kingdom of Sawantwadi |
Portuguese Victory |
Nadir Shah's invasion of India (1738–1739) |
Mughal Empire | Afsharid dynasty | Persian victory
|
Travancore–Dutch War (incl. Battle of Colachel (Kulachal) 10 August 1741 (1739–1753) |
Travancore | Dutch Empire | Travancore victory
|
Battle of Vasai (1739) |
Maratha Empire | Portuguese Empire | Maratha victory |
Battle of Karnal (1739–February 13, 1739) |
Mughal Empire | Persian Afsharid Empire | Persian victory |
Siege of Trichinopoly (1741) (1741) |
Maratha Empire | Mughal Empire | Maratha victory
|
Expeditions in Bengal (1741–1748) |
Maratha Empire | Mughal Empire | Peace treaty
|
First Carnatic War
(1744–1748)
|
Mughal Empire | Kingdom of France
Kingdom of Great Britain |
Status quo ante bellum |
Second Carnatic War
(1749–1754) |
Kingdom of France
Nawab of Arcot (Chanda Sahib) Hyderabad State (Muzaffar Jang Hidayat) |
Kingdom of Great Britain
Nawab of Arcot (Wallajah) |
Stalemate |
Naval Battle of Calicut
(1752) |
Maratha Empire | Portuguese Empire | Maratha victory |
Seven Years' War (1754–1763) |
France Austria |
Prussia Great Britain |
Status quo ante in Europe, but transfer of colonial possessions between Britain, France and Spain in the Treaty of Paris (1763).
|
Maratha conquest of North-west India (1757–1758) |
Maratha Empire | Durrani Empire | Peace treaty |
Battle of Plassey (1757) |
East India Company | Nawab of Bengal French East India Company |
Company victory
|
Afghan-Maratha War (1758–1761) |
Maratha Empire Sikh confederacy |
Durrani Empire Rohilkhand |
Durrani victory |
Third Battle of Panipat (1761) |
Maratha Empire | Durrani Empire | Durrani victory
|
Battle of Buxar (1764) |
East India Company | Mughal Empire | Company victory |
First Anglo-Mysore War (1767–1769) |
East India Company Maratha Empire Nawab of the Carnatic Hyderabad |
Mysore | Mysore victory |
First Anglo-Maratha War (1775–1782) |
Maratha Empire | East India Company | Maratha victory |
Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780–1784) |
Mysore | East India Company Maratha Empire |
Status quo ante bellum |
Maratha-Mysore War (1785–1787) |
Maratha Empire | Mysore | Maratha victory
|
Third Anglo-Mysore War (1789–1792) |
East India Company Maratha Empire Hyderabad Travancore |
Mysore Diplomatic support: France[13] | Maratha-Hyderabad-British victory |
Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1798–1799) |
East India Company Maratha Empire Hyderabad Travancore |
Mysore Diplomatic support: France[13] | Maratha-Hyderabad-British victory |
Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803–1805) |
Maratha Empire | East India Company | British victory |
Battle of Vizagapatam (1804) |
East India Company United Kingdom |
France | French victory |
Anglo-Nepalese War (1814–1816) |
East India Company Garhwal Kingdom Patiala State Kingdom of Sikkim |
Nepal | Company victory
|
Capture of East India Company ship Nautilus (1815) |
East India Company | United States | American victory
|
Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817–1818) |
Maratha Empire | East India Company | British victory
|
First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–1826) |
East India Company | Burmese Empire | Company victory
|
Siege of Herat
(1837–1838)
|
Emirate of Herat
Supported by: |
Qajar Iran
Supported by: |
Company victory
|
First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–1842) |
East India Company | Emirate of Afghanistan | Afghan victory
|
First Opium War (1839–1842) |
Great Britain | Qing dynasty | Company victory |
First Anglo-Sikh War (1845–1846) |
Sikh Empire | East India Company Patiala |
Company victory |
Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848–1849) |
Sikh Empire | East India Company | Company victory
|
Second Anglo-Burmese War (1852) |
East India Company | Burmese Empire | Company victory
|
Anglo-Persian War (1856–1857) |
United Kingdom | Iran | Company victory
|
Indian Rebellion of 1857 (1857–1858) |
Mughal Empire Oudh Forces of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi Forces of Nana Sahib Peshwa II Various other Rajas, Nawabs, Zamindars, Taluqdars, and chieftains |
East India Company United Kingdom Nepal Various other Rajas, Nawabs, Zamindars, Taluqdars, and chieftains |
Company victory
|
Following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the rule of the British East India company came to end and the British crown began to rule over India directly as per the Government of India Act 1858. India was now a single empire comprising British India and the princely states.
In 1947, the British Indian Empire split into the Dominion of Pakistan and the Union of India. The Indian Army, the Royal Indian Air Force and the Royal Indian Navy too, were divided between the two countries. In 1950, the Union of India became the Republic of India after abolishing monarchy.
Appalled, Pessart sent a formal declaration of war in 1642 and sent two of Tranquebar's best ships north to attack Bengal, where they captured a ship they renamed Den Bengalske Prise.
On 21 November Beijing announced a unilateral ceasefire to be followed by the withdrawal of Chinese troops to the north of the McMahon Line. But China would retain control up to its 1960 claimline in Ladakh—a situation that persists till today.