The Elamites settlement was in southwestern Iran, where is modern Khuzestan, Ilam, Fars, Bushehr, Lorestan, Bakhtiari and Kohgiluyeh provinces. Their language was neither Semitic nor Indo-European, and they were the geographic ancestors of the Achaemenid/Persian empire. For a full list of Elamite major and minor kings see:
Some scholars suggested that Marhasi were located in southeastern Iran.
The Medes were an Iranian people. The Persians, a closely related and subject people, revolted against the Median empire during the 6th century BCE.
Throne Name | Original Name | Portrait | Title | Born-Died | Entered office | Left office | Family Relations | Note | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median dynasty,[3] 726–521 BCE | |||||||||
1 | Deioces | Dahyuka | ? – 674 BCE | 726 BCE | 674 BCE | son of Phraortes | Deposed by Assyrians | ||
2 | Phraortes | Fravartiš | ? – 652 BCE | 674 BCE | 652 BCE | son of Deioces | Killed in battle with Assyrians and Scythians. Domination of Scythian kingdom 652–625 BCE | ||
3 | Cyaxares | Huvaxšaθra | ? – 585 BCE | 625 BCE | 585 BCE | son of Phraortes | Allied with Nabopolassar of Babylon and destroyed Assyria | ||
4 | Astyages | Arštivaigah | ? – 585 BCE | 585 BCE | 550 BCE | son of Cyaxares | Deposed and later killed | ||
5 | Cyaxares II | Huvaxšaθra | ? – May 521 BCE | December 522 BCE | May 8, 521 BCE | descendant of Cyaxares | Killed by Darius I |