Consonants[1] |
---|
IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
---|
nci
|
nhe
|
nlv
|
---|
ʔ[2] |
h[3] |
tlahtōlli, ahki, ehēkatl, ihīya
|
nci: uh-oh
nhe & nlv: ahead
| j
|
yāōtl, yōllōtl, āmēyalli
|
yellow
| k[4] |
h[5] |
k[6] |
tikchīwah, niknōtsas
|
nci & nlv: scan
nhe: ahead
| k[7] |
kōlōtl, kalli, kēski, ātōyāk
|
scan
| kʷ[8] |
k[9] |
tēkwtli, nekwtli
|
nci: squall
nhe & nlv: scan
| kʷ[10] |
kwalli, mokwi, kwetlaxtli
|
squall
| l[11] |
lichīnia, alaxox, pīwilia
|
clear l as in leave
| ɬ[12] |
mātlālki, nokal, axkwallākatl
|
Welsh llwyd
| m
|
mistli, kōmitl, kwamekatl
|
man
| n[13] |
nāntsin, nemi, kanah
|
nose
| n̥[14] |
—
|
ŋ[15] |
inōn, tlālpan, Āmatitlan
|
nci: Welsh fy nhad
nlv: sing
| ŋ[16] |
kenke, tlanki, Tōllāntsinko
|
sing
| p[17] |
pitsotl, nopa, wīptla
|
span
| s̻
|
sōlin, tlasalōlli, mōstla
|
sack
| ʃ
|
xowitl, kaxitl, xāmitl, Xālīxko
|
shoe
| t[18] |
tīsatl, tlākatki, moīxtēnno
|
stand
| t͡ɬ[19] |
tlālli, tlitl, chīchīwalātl
|
stop + Welsh llwyd (pronouncing both simultaneously will produce a clicking sound)
| t͡ʃ[20] |
chāntli, tōchin, chokolātl
|
choo
| t͡s[21] |
tsahtsi, tsotso, wītsilin
|
cats
| w[22] |
β[23] |
kichīwa, mēwa, kitlapōwia
|
nci & nhe: witch
nlv: van
| ɸ[24] |
ihwitl, yehwān, ilwitl, nokalwan
|
nci & nhe: witch
nlv: leaf
| ʍ[25] |
h[26] |
tōnatiw, kwāwtli, mochīwkeh
|
nci: which (as "hwich")
nhe & nlv: ahead
| Marginal phonemes[27] |
---|
IPA
|
Examples
|
English approximation
|
---|
b
|
botōntik, bokol
|
about
| β
|
ēbofotōn, hoēbes
|
about, but without lips completely closed
| d
|
desfilāroa, dīskoh
|
today
| ð
|
presidēnteh
|
this
| ɸ
|
fōlsahyōtl, fiolin, fiērohtik
|
leaf
| ɡ
|
gayētah, teposgarrōteh
|
again
| ɣ
|
kikastigāroa, kigānchohwia
|
again, but without the tongue touching the roof of the mouth
| ɲ
|
kwamoñēkoh, piñātah
|
canyon
| r
|
wirrīni, rerrechoka
|
trilled r
| ɾ
|
rowēnteh, pohreāroh
|
atom (with flapping)
|
|
Vowels
|
---|
IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
---|
a
|
astatl, kalli
|
bra
| aː
|
āmatl, siwātl
|
(long a)
| ɛ[28] |
epatl, metl
|
length
| ɛː
|
ēli, mētstli
|
mate
| i[29] |
itskwīntli, xilin
|
city
| iː
|
īpanpa, tomīn
|
see
| o[30] |
nokka, tolōntik
|
go[31] | oː
|
ōllama, mōlli
|
go
|
Stress
|
---|
ˈ
|
Primary stress[32] Placed immediately before the stressed syllable.
| Diacritics
|
---|
◌ˀ
|
wāki [ˈwaːkɪˀ]
|
Glottal stop[33] | ◌̥
|
xālloh [ˈʃaːlːoo̥]
|
Devoiced vowel[34] | ◌̃
|
Tōllān [ˈtoːlːãː]
|
Nasal vowel[35] | Other representations
|
---|
( )
|
tlahtoāni [t͡ɬahtu(w)aːnɪˀ]
|
Optional sound[36] | Orthography[37] |
---|
INALI
|
SEP
|
ACK
|
Jesuit
|
---|
tlahtohkeh
|
tlajtojkej
|
tlahtohqueh
|
tlàtòquê
| teohkalli, kēmman
|
teojkali, keman
|
teohcalli, quēmman
|
teòcalli, quēnman
| nekwtsin, mākkwawitl
|
neuktsin, majkuauitl
|
neuctzin, māccuahuitl
|
neuctzin, mācquahuitl
| astēkah, ahso, sintli
|
astekaj, ajso, sintli
|
aztēcah, ahzo, cintli
|
aztēcâ, àço, cintli
| Wītsilōpōchtli, xiwpōwalli
|
Uitsilopochtli, xiujpouali
|
Huītzilōpōchtli, xiuhpōhualli
|
|