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Hamilton West (New Zealand electorate)

Summary

Hamilton West is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It has been held by Tama Potaka MP[1] of the National Party since the 2022 by-election.[2]

Hamilton West
Single-member constituency
for the New Zealand House of Representatives
Outline map
Location of Hamilton Westwithin Waikato
RegionWaikato
Area66.89 km2 (25.83 sq mi)
Current constituency
Current MPTama Potaka
PartyNational

Hamilton West is regarded as a bellwether seat.[3] In 17 of the 18 general elections since the electorate's creation, the party that has won the plurality of seats nationally has won Hamilton West. The sole exception was in 1993, when Labour won the electorate but National won the plurality of the seats.

Population centres edit

Through an amendment in the Electoral Act in 1965, the number of electorates in the South Island was fixed at 25, an increase of one since the 1962 electoral redistribution.[4] It was accepted that through the more rapid population growth in the North Island, the number of its electorates would continue to increase, and to keep proportionality, three new electorates were allowed for in the 1967 electoral redistribution for the next election.[5] In the North Island, five electorates were newly created (including Hamilton West) and one electorate was reconstituted while three electorates were abolished (including Hamilton).[6] In the South Island, three electorates were newly created and one electorate was reconstituted while three electorates were abolished.[7] The overall effect of the required changes was highly disruptive to existing electorates, with all but three electorates having their boundaries altered.[8] These changes came into effect with the 1969 election.[5]

The former Hamilton electorate had existed since 1922 and had covered the urban area.[9] When it was replaced by Hamilton West for the 1969 election, only part of the urban area was included but also rural land stretching all the way to the west coast.[10] Most of the rural land had previously been part of the Waipa electorate.[11] The town of Raglan was the north-western point of the electorate, and was surprisingly not located in the Raglan electorate. In the south-west, the electorate stretched as far as just north of the Kāwhia Harbour.[10]

The 1972 electoral redistribution significantly reduced the size of the Hamilton West electorate, and all the rural land mostly transferred to the Raglan electorate.[12] The additional electorate of Hamilton East was created at the same time. These changes came into effect with the 1972 election[13] and since then, the electorate has been mainly urban, and has covered the western part of the city of Hamilton. The Waikato River divides the city in half and forms the boundary between the Hamilton East and Hamilton West electorates. Hamilton West also borders the rural electorates of Waikato to the north and west, and Taranaki-King Country to the south.

The 2020 electoral redistribution saw the area north of Borman Road, including Horsham Downs, ceded to Waikato.[14]

History edit

The first representative of Hamilton West was Leslie Munro of the National Party, who had since the 1963 election represented the Waipa electorate.[15] When Hamilton West became an urban electorate in 1972, Munro retired and the electorate was won by Dorothy Jelicich of the Labour Party.[16] Jelicich was defeated after one term in the 1975 election by National's Mike Minogue.[17]

Members of Parliament edit

Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and started at general elections.

Key

  National   Labour   NZ First   Independent

Election Winner
1969 election Leslie Munro
1972 election Dorothy Jelicich
1975 election Mike Minogue
1978 election
1981 election
1984 election Trevor Mallard
1987 election
1990 election Grant Thomas
1993 election Martin Gallagher
1996 election Bob Simcock
1999 election Martin Gallagher
2002 election
2005 election
2008 election Tim Macindoe
2011 election
2014 election
2017 election
2020 election Gaurav Sharma
2022 by-election Tama Potaka
2023 election

List MPs edit

Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Hamilton West electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

Election Winner
1996 election Neil Kirton
1999 election Bob Simcock
2002 election Bill Gudgeon
2011 election Sue Moroney
2014 election

Election results edit

2022 by-election edit

The following table shows the final by-election results:[18][19]

2022 Hamilton West by-election

Notes: Blue background denotes the winner of the by-election.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list prior to the by-election.
Yellow background denotes the winner of the by-election, who was a list MP prior to the by-election.
A  Y or  N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tama Potaka 6,974 46.29
Labour Georgie Dansey 4,541 30.14
ACT James McDowall 1,515 10.06
Momentum Gaurav Sharma 1,242 8.24 -43.61
Opportunities Naomi Pocock 357 2.37
Outdoors Donna Pokere-Phillips 130 0.86
New Conservatives Rudi du Plooy[a] 118 0.78 -0.76
Legalise Cannabis Peter Wakeman 76 0.50
Vision NZ Jade Tait 61 0.40
Independent Gordon Dickson 26 0.17
Independent Frank Fu 20 0.13
Money Free Party Richard Osmaston 7 0.05
Informal votes 37 0.27 -1.96
Majority 2,433 16.15
Turnout 15,104 31.40 -49.80
National gain from Labour Swing +
  1. ^ Joint candidate also representing the ONE Party.

2020 election edit

2020 general election: Hamilton West[20]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A  Y or  N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
Labour Gaurav Sharma 20,703 51.85 +21.09 21,136 52.26 +15.65
National  N Tim Macindoe 14,436 36.16 −16.00 10,161 25.12 −21.17
ACT Roger Weldon 1,186 2.97 — 2,779 6.87 +6.47
Opportunities Hayden Cargo 1,024 2.56 +0.32 837 2.07 −0.58
New Conservative Rudi Du Plooy 615 1.54 — 824 2.04 +1.74
Advance NZ Cherie Ormsby-Kingi 490 1.23 — 390 0.96 —
Outdoors Chloe Mansfield 357 0.89 — 44 0.11 +0.03
ONE Te Rongopai Heta 223 0.56 — 133 0.33 —
Green   2,279 5.63 +1.34
NZ First   1,029 2.54 −5.13
Legalise Cannabis   214 0.53 +0.23
Māori Party   212 0.52 −0.12
Vision New Zealand   60 0.15 —
Sustainable NZ   21 0.05 —
Social Credit   15 0.04 −0.01
TEA   9 0.02 —
Heartland   4 0.01 —
Informal votes 892 300
Total valid votes 39,926 40,447
Turnout 40,584[21] 81.20 +3.18
Labour gain from National Majority 6,267 15.70 +37.10

2017 election edit

2017 general election: Hamilton West[22]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A  Y or  N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National  Y Tim Macindoe 18,842 52.16 −0.34 17,119 46.29 −1.22
Labour Gaurav Sharma 11,111 30.76 −4.27 13,539 36.61 +11.04
Green Jo Wrigley 2,355 6.52 — 1,588 4.29 −3.88
NZ First Shayne Wihongi 2,133 5.90 −0.95 2,836 7.67 −3.10
Opportunities Donna Pokere-Phillips 809 2.24 — 981 2.65 —
Māori Party Boris Samujh 251 0.69 −0.18 232 0.64 +0.08
Independent Roger Stratford 82 0.23 —
United Future Quentin Todd 61 0.19 — 35 0.09 −0.15
Independent Vin Tomar 28 0.08 —
ACT   149 0.40 −0.07
Conservative   111 0.30 −4.34
Legalise Cannabis   110 0.30 −0.21
Ban 1080   32 0.09 −0.02
Outdoors   28 0.08 —
People's Party   28 0.08 —
Democrats   19 0.05 −0.08
Mana Party   9 0.02 —
Internet   6 0.02 —
Informal votes 452 162
Total valid votes 36,124 36,984
National hold Majority 7,731 21.40 +3.93

2014 election edit

2014 general election: Hamilton West[23]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A  Y or  N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National  Y Tim Macindoe 17,382 52.50 −0.76 16,072 47.51 −0.23
Labour Sue Moroney 11,598 35.03 −4.03 8,649 25.57 −3.58
NZ First Bill Gudgeon 2,269 6.85 +0.87 3,644 10.77 +3.05
Conservative Tony McKenna 923 2.79 +0.40 1,571 4.64 +1.45
Māori Party Richard Te Ao 289 0.87 +0.87 190 0.56 −0.03
Democrats Mischele Rhodes 149 0.45 +0.21 43 0.13 +0.01
ACT Sara Muti 126 0.38 +0.38 160 0.47 −0.44
Green   2,765 8.17 −0.67
Internet Mana   242 0.72 +0.36[a]
Legalise Cannabis   171 0.51 −0.04
United Future   87 0.26 −0.45
Ban 1080   38 0.11 +0.11
Civilian   18 0.05 +0.05
Independent Coalition   13 0.04 +0.04
Focus   7 0.02 +0.02
Informal votes 373 159
Total valid votes 33,109 33,829
Turnout 33,988 75.22 +3.03
National hold Majority 5,784 17.47 +3.28

2011 election edit

2011 general election: Hamilton West[24]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A  Y or  N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National  Y Tim Macindoe 16,587 53.26 +4.47 15,300 47.74 +1.76
Labour Sue Moroney 12,169 39.07 -4.83 9,342 29.15 -6.50
NZ First Bill Gudgeon 1,294 4.16 +4.16 2,475 7.72 +3.44
Conservative Pat Gregory 744 2.39 +2.39 1,022 3.19 +3.19
Independent Robert Curtis 159 0.51 +0.51
Independent Tim Wikiriwhi 115 0.37 +0.37
Democrats Les Port 75 0.24 +0.24 38 0.12 +0.04
Green   2,834 8.84 +3.76
ACT   292 0.91 -2.83
United Future   227 0.71 -0.41
Māori Party   188 0.59 -0.48
Legalise Cannabis   175 0.55 +0.10
Mana   115 0.36 +0.36
Libertarianz   31 0.10 +0.01
Alliance   10 0.03 -0.004
Informal votes 680 286
Total valid votes 31,143 32,049
National hold Majority 4,418 14.19 +9.30

Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 44,793[25]

2008 election edit

2008 general election: Hamilton West[26][27]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A  Y or  N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Tim Macindoe 16,163 48.79 +5.33 15,541 45.98 +5.95
Labour  N Martin Gallagher 14,545 43.91 -2.01 12,048 35.64 -5.65
Green Dale Stevens 1,389 4.19 1,719 5.09 +1.24
ACT Ian Parker 543 1.64 +0.62 1,263 3.74 +2.13
United Future Ken Smith 218 0.66 -0.89 378 1.12 -1.73
Independent Suresh Vatsyayann 157 0.47 -0.02
Libertarianz Timothy Wikiriwhi 112 0.34 +0.19 31 0.09 +0.05
NZ First   1,449 4.29 -3.18
Māori Party   360 1.07 -0.40
Bill and Ben   264 0.78
Kiwi   196 0.58
Progressive   189 0.56 +0.49
Legalise Cannabis   150 0.44 -0.18
Family Party   120 0.36
Pacific   32 0.09
Democrats   25 0.07 ±0.00
Workers Party   17 0.05
Alliance   12 0.04 +0.01
RONZ   4 0.01
RAM   2 0.01
Informal votes 347 188
Total valid votes 33,127 33,800
Turnout 34,268 78.63 -1.59
National gain from Labour Majority 1,618 4.88 +7.34

2005 election edit

2005 general election: Hamilton West[28]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A  Y or  N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
Labour  Y Martin Gallagher 15,396 45.92 -2.61 14,097 41.29 -0.33
National Tim Macindoe 14,571 43.46 +10.01 13,664 40.03 +19.03
NZ First Bill Gudgeon 1,847 5.51 -1.43 2,549 7.47 -4.24
United Future Robyn Jackson 521 1.55 -1.54 974 2.85 -3.98
Māori Party Tureiti Moxon 379 1.13 229 0.67
ACT Stephen Cox 342 1.02 -3.31 550 1.61 -6.51
Progressive Sukhdev Bains 215 0.64 -0.14 358 1.05 -0.14
Independent Suresh Vatsyayann 165 0.49
Libertarianz Timothy Wikiriwhi 50 0.15 -0.11 15 0.04
RONZ Jack Gielen 43 0.13 13 0.04
Green   1,313 3.85 -1.87
Destiny   159 0.47
Legalise Cannabis   89 0.26 -0.28
Christian Heritage   56 0.16 -1.19
Democrats   24 0.07
Family Rights   14 0.04
Direct Democracy   11 0.03
Alliance   10 0.03 -0.77
One NZ   7 0.02 -0.03
99 MP   6 0.02
Informal votes 300 138
Total valid votes 33,529 34,138
Turnout 34,489 80.22 +5.06
Labour hold Majority 825 2.46 -16.05

2002 election edit

2002 general election: Hamilton West[29]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A  Y or  N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
Labour  Y Martin Gallagher 14,614 48.53 12,715 41.62
National Bob Simcock 9,040 30.02 6,415 21.00
NZ First Bill Gudgeon 2,091 6.94 3,577 11.71
ACT Garry Mallett 1,304 4.33 2,481 8.12
Green Chris Norton-Brown 1,203 3.99 1,748 5.72
United Future Martyn Seddon 932 3.09 2,087 6.83
Christian Heritage Eleanor Goodall 454 1.51 412 1.35
Progressive Rob Shirley 234 0.78 379 1.24
Alliance Craig A. Wills 164 0.54 243 0.80
Libertarianz Timothy Wikiriwhi 79 0.26
ORNZ   298 0.98
Legalise Cannabis   164 0.54
One NZ   15 0.05
Mana Māori   14 0.05
NMP   4 0.01
Informal votes 265 142
Total valid votes 30,115 30,552
Turnout 30,877 75.16
Labour hold Majority 5,574 18.51

1999 election edit

1999 general election: Hamilton West[30][31]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A  Y or  N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
Labour Martin Gallagher 14,147 44.57 11,769 36.75
National  N Bob Simcock 12,518 39.43 10,491 32.76
Alliance Dave MacPherson 1,667 5.25 2,604 8.13
ACT Garry Mallett 1,148 3.62 2,414 7.54
NZ First Athol Gould 957 3.01 1,376 4.30
Christian Heritage Eleanor Goodall 888 2.80 901 2.81
Independent Pita Cammock 248 0.78
Mauri Pacific Fa'amatuainu Iakopo 134 0.42 38 0.12
Mana Wahine Avon Johnson 37 0.12
Green   1,366 4.27
Christian Democrats   329 1.03
Legalise Cannabis   298 0.93
Libertarianz   115 0.36
United NZ   103 0.32
McGillicuddy Serious   76 0.24
Animals First   60 0.19
One NZ   41 0.13
Natural Law   15 0.05
Mana Māori   13 0.04
People's Choice 6 0.02
NMP   5 0.02
Freedom Movement 3 0.01
Republican   2 0.01
South Island   1 0.00
Informal votes 571 322
Total valid votes 31,744 32,026
Turnout 33,038 84.06
Labour gain from National Majority 1,629 5.13


1996 election edit

1996 general election: Hamilton West[32][33][34]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A  Y or  N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Bob Simcock 12,696 38.73 12,584 38.23
Labour  N Martin Gallagher 12,099 36.91 -1.23 8,754 26.59
NZ First Neil Kirton 3,861 11.78 4,459 13.55
Alliance John Pemberton 1,738 5.30 2,651 8.05
Christian Coalition Eleanor Goodall 1,043 3.18 +1.05 1,735 5.27
ACT Garry Mallett 725 2.21 1,674 5.09
McGillicuddy Serious Peter Caldwell 338 1.03 +0.07 84 0.26
Progressive Green Robert Henderson 208 0.63 95 0.29
Natural Law Mike Dunn 69 0.21 53 0.16
Legalise Cannabis   457 1.39
United NZ   183 0.56
Animals First   62 0.19
Superannuitants & Youth   37 0.11
Mana Māori   32 0.10
Ethnic Minority Party 17 0.05
Green Society   17 0.05
Libertarianz   11 0.03
Advance New Zealand 8 0.02
Conservatives   3 0.01
Asia Pacific United 2 0.01
Te Tawharau 1 0.00
Informal votes 221 79
Total valid votes 32,777 32,919
National gain from Labour Majority 597 1.82

1993 election edit

1993 general election: Hamilton West[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Martin Gallagher 7,118 38.14
National Grant Thomas 6,669 35.73 -13.31
Alliance Cliff Tait 2,247 12.04
NZ First Doug Woolerton 2,024 10.84
Christian Heritage Eleanor Goodall 399 2.13 -0.22
McGillicuddy Serious Peter Caldwell 181 0.96 -0.53
Independent Helen Marsh 23 0.12
Majority 449 2.40
Turnout 18,661 82.05 -1.71
Registered electors 22,742

1990 election edit

1990 general election: Hamilton West[36]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Grant Thomas 9,048 49.04
Labour Trevor Mallard 7,485 40.56 -10.65
NewLabour Les Hart 776 4.20
Christian Heritage Eleanor Goodall 435 2.35
McGillicuddy Serious Peter Caldwell 275 1.49 +0.74
Social Credit Clement Peterson 268 1.45
Democrats Geoffrey David Lawn 163 0.88
Majority 1,563 8.47
Turnout 18,450 83.76 -4.38
Registered electors 22,025

1987 election edit

1987 general election: Hamilton West[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Trevor Mallard 9,829 51.21 +5.65
National Doug Simes 8,594 44.78
Democrats Kathleen Byrne 475 2.47
NZ Party Barry Jones 149 0.77
McGillicuddy Serious Peter Caldwell 144 0.75
Majority 1,235 6.43 +2.29
Turnout 19,191 88.14 -2.90
Registered electors 21,773

1984 election edit

1984 general election: Hamilton West[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Trevor Mallard 8,886 45.56
National Mike Minogue 8,083 41.44 -2.84
NZ Party Lesley Vorstman 1,747 8.95
Social Credit Trevor Crosbie 758 3.88 -15.00
McGillicuddy Serious Martin James Fisher 29 0.14
Majority 809 4.14
Turnout 19,503 91.31 +5.95
Registered electors 21,359

1981 election edit

1981 general election: Hamilton West[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Mike Minogue 8,440 44.28 +1.15
Labour Paddy McCaffrey 6,963 36.53
Social Credit Trevor Crosbie 3,599 18.88
Independent R T Stone 56 0.29
Majority 1,477 7.75 +2.40
Turnout 19,058 85.36 +18.57
Registered electors 22,326

1978 election edit

1978 general election: Hamilton West[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Mike Minogue 8,101 43.13 -5.39
Labour Dorothy Jelicich 7,095 37.77 -1.16
Social Credit Jim Barr 3,222 17.15
Values S A L Zanders 296 1.57
Right to Life S P Bargh 66 0.35
Majority 1,006 5.35 -4.23
Turnout 18,780 66.79 -15.96
Registered electors 28,115

1975 election edit

1975 general election: Hamilton West[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Mike Minogue 10,472 48.52
Labour Dorothy Jelicich 8,403 38.93 -7.76
Social Credit J C Smith 2,069 9.58
Values Brian Robinson 637 2.95
Majority 2,069 9.58
Turnout 21,581 82.75 -5.33
Registered electors 26,079

1972 election edit

1972 general election: Hamilton West[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Dorothy Jelicich 7,885 46.69
National Derek Heather 7,341 43.47
Social Credit Shirley Margaret Thompson 1,449 8.58
New Democratic David Armitage 124 0.73
Independent Judith Ngaire Wainhouse 86 0.50
Majority 544 3.22
Turnout 16,885 88.08 +1.77
Registered electors 19,170

1969 election edit

1969 general election: Hamilton West[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Leslie Munro 8,406 48.81
Labour Bob Reese 6,528 37.91
Social Credit Don Bethune 2,048 11.89
Country Party Laurie Stuart Day 237 1.37
Majority 1,878 10.90
Turnout 17,219 86.31
Registered electors 19,950

Table footnotes edit

  1. ^ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

Notes edit

  1. ^ "Gaurav Sharma". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  2. ^ Sowman-Lund, Stewart (18 October 2022). "Rogue MP Gaurav Sharma quits parliament, triggers byelection". The Spinoff. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
  3. ^ "Hamilton West – Electorate Profile". New Zealand Parliament. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  4. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 108, 111, 112.
  5. ^ a b McRobie 1989, p. 111.
  6. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 107, 111.
  7. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 108, 112.
  8. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 111f.
  9. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 106.
  10. ^ a b McRobie 1989, p. 110.
  11. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 106, 110.
  12. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 110, 114, 115.
  13. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 115.
  14. ^ "Report of the Representation Commission 2020" (PDF). 17 April 2020.
  15. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 222.
  16. ^ Wilson 1985, pp. 208, 222.
  17. ^ Wilson 1985, pp. 208, 220.
  18. ^ "Hamilton West 13 Candidate Vote Details". www.electionresults.govt.nz. Electoral Commission. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  19. ^ "Hamilton West by-election official results". Elections.nz. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  20. ^ "Hamilton West – Official Result". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  21. ^ "Party Votes and Turnout by Electorate (2020)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  22. ^ "Official Count Results -- Hamilton West (2017)". Electoral Commission. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
  23. ^ Electoral Commission (10 October 2014). "Official Count Results – Hamilton West". Retrieved 31 January 2016.
  24. ^ Hamilton West results, 2011
  25. ^ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 21 October 2011. Archived from the original on 10 November 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  26. ^ Official Count Results – Hamilton West Archived 11 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  27. ^ "Electorate Profile Hamilton West" (PDF). Parliamentary Library. July 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
  28. ^ Official Count Results – Hamilton West
  29. ^ Official Count Results – Hamilton West
  30. ^ "Official Count Results (1999) – Electoral Votes for registered parties by electorate". NZ Electoral Commission. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  31. ^ "Official Count Results (1999) – Candidate Vote Details". NZ Electoral Commission. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
  32. ^ "Electorate Candidate and Party Votes Recorded at Each Polling Place – Hamilton West, 1996" (PDF). Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  33. ^ "Part III – Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  34. ^ "Part III – Party Lists of unsuccessful Registered Parties" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  35. ^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993.
  36. ^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. p. 37.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g Norton 1988, p. 235.

References edit

  • McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
  • Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.

External links edit

  • Electorate Profile Parliamentary Library

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