Elmer H. Violette

Summary

Elmer Hector Violette (February 2, 1921 – June 18, 2000) was an American jurist and Democratic Party politician from Maine. He was a justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court from 1981 to 1986 as well as a member of the Maine Superior Court, Maine Senate, and Maine House of Representatives.

Elmer H. Violette
Violette as a State Senator in 1971
Associate Justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court
In office
August 31, 1981 – August 1, 1986
Appointed byJoseph E. Brennan
Justice of the Maine Superior Court
In office
1973–1981
Appointed byKenneth M. Curtis
Member of the Maine Senate from the 24th district
In office
1965–1967
In office
1969–1973
Member of the Maine House of Representatives from Grand Isle and Van Buren, Maine
In office
1947–1949
In office
1943–1943
Personal details
Born
Elmer Hector Violette

February 2, 1921
Van Buren, Maine, United States
DiedJune 18, 2000
Caribou, Maine, United States
Resting placeVan Buren, Maine
Political partyDemocratic
SpouseMarcella Belanger
Children5
Education
Occupation
  • Politician
  • lawyer
  • jurist
Military service
Branch/serviceUnited States Army
Years of service1942–1945
Battles/warsWorld War II

Childhood edit

Elmer Hector Violette was born on February 2, 1921, in Van Buren, Maine. He was one of seven siblings. His father was a woodsman, butcher, and grocer during the Great Depression, and his mother was a schoolteacher. Both were staunch Democrats, and his father had even served in the Maine House of Representatives. A French Canadian, Violette was raised Roman Catholic, and served as an altar boy as a teenager.[1]

Early career and military service edit

In 1939, Violette attended Ricker College, graduating with a two-year degree and returning to Van Buren. He was elected to the Maine House of Representatives in 1942 without opposition, but resigned on January 15, 1943 after being drafted into the U.S. Army during World War II. He went to meteorological school in Illinois and spent three years at the Bangor Air National Guard Base (then Dow Field) and CFB Goose Bay in Labrador as a weather-watcher. He was discharged from service in December 1945.[2] On September 2, 1946, he married Marcella Belanger. The couple remained in Van Buren after their marriage.[3]

Political career edit

In 1946, Violette was elected once more to the Maine House of Representatives. There, he met fellow Democratic legislator Edmund Muskie, who he immediately recognized as special, and he formed a harmonious relationship with the Democratic caucus there due to its small size.[4] However, he only stayed for one term, leaving to study at the Boston University School of Law. He graduated in 1950 and practiced law in his hometown of Van Buren. By 1964, he had become the chairman of the Aroostook County Democratic Party. Violette was eventually convinced to run for state senate that year, and his re-entry into the legislature coincided with Lyndon B. Johnson's landslide victory over Barry Goldwater, sweeping Maine Democrats into power in the state legislature. This caused Maine Democrats to feel emboldened, and after being lobbied by Muskie and Governor Kenneth M. Curtis, Violette decided to run against incumbent Senator Margaret Chase Smith in 1966. He expected to lose, but enjoyed traveling across the state, talking to people, and gaining valuable experience in campaigning. Violette lost the election but won 41 percent of the vote, a surprisingly strong showing against an incumbent as well-entrenched as Smith. After his defeat, he resumed his law practice until 1968, when he ran for the state senate again. A strong supporter of the Humphrey/Muskie presidential ticket, he volunteered for Muskie, traveling across the nation with the campaign. He was elected easily and resumed his service in the state senate.[5]

In office, Violette was a staunch liberal Democrat, helping to establish the Allagash Wilderness Waterway in 1966.[6] He also stood up for the interests of his fellow French Americans, successfully working as a state senator to repeal legislation prohibiting the French language from Maine public schools in 1969.[7]

 
Violette in a campaign photograph, c. 1972

By 1972, Violette had again set his sights on Washington, and Edmund Muskie encouraged him to run for the Senate again against an increasingly weakened Margaret Chase Smith. However, when Congressman William Hathaway entered the race, Violette instead ran for Hathaway’s open House seat in Maine's 2nd congressional district, easily winning the primary with 78% of the vote. Violette was seen as a strong candidate, but his Republican oppnent, William Cohen, employed novel tactics in the race, such as walking across the entire congressional district during the summer, when most candidates campaigned lightly or not at all. Violette’s slogan in the campaign was “Elmer Violette: Put His Experience to Work for You,” and the Portland Press Herald said of him that “There is no man better liked and respected in the Maine Legislature among both Republicans and Democrats than Elmer Violette.” Despite his personal popularity, he was defeated by Cohen in the November election, winning 46 percent of the vote.[8][9] Violette left the election in a sour mood, blaming his loss on poor management of his own campaign, misinformation pushed by Cohen's campaign, and a wide fundraising gap between the two candidates.[5]

After his defeat, he was approached by Governor Kenneth M. Curtis, who offered him a choice between an appointment to the Maine Superior Court or the Maine Supreme Court. Violette chose the former over the latter because the governor's council would not elevate someone to the Supreme Court without any experience on the Superior Court. During his tenure, he clashed with Maine's public utilities commission over regulatory policy.[5] He served there for a total of eight years until Governor Joseph E. Brennan elevated him to the Maine Supreme Court, where he would serve from 1981 until his retirement in 1986.[1]

Violette's son, Paul Elmer Violette, also served in the Maine Legislature for five terms, including three in the Senate and one as Senate Majority Leader from 1985 to 1986.[10] However, he was later sent to prison for embezzling $430,000 from the Maine Turnpike Authority while he headed the quasi-state agency.[11]

Later life and death edit

Violette retired from the Maine Supreme Court on August 1, 1986 and returned to private life. He died on June 18, 2000, at Cary Medical Center in Caribou, following a car accident 10 days earlier. He was interred in his hometown of Van Buren, Maine.[9]

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Edmund S. Muskie Oral History Collection: Elmer Violette [2]", FrancoAmericanDigitalArchives.org, retrieved September 7, 2022
  2. ^ Nicoll, Don (October 11, 1998). "Interview with Elmer Violette". Bates College. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
  3. ^ "Marriage Record for Elmer Violette", FamilySearch, retrieved September 7, 2022
  4. ^ "Violette, Elmer oral history interview", scarab.bates.edu, retrieved September 28, 2022
  5. ^ a b c "Violette, Elmer oral history interview", scarab.bates.edu, retrieved September 28, 2022
  6. ^ "Allagash Wilderness Waterway Deserves Stronger Protection", leschanteursacadiens.org, 5 November 2006, retrieved September 28, 2022
  7. ^ "Acadian Culture", nrcm.org, 28 January 2013, retrieved September 28, 2022
  8. ^ Potholm, Christian (2003). This Splendid Game: Maine Campaigns and Elections, 1940-2002. p. 110. ISBN 9780739106044.
  9. ^ a b Moore Saucier, Roxanne (June 19, 2000). "Elmer Violette, former Maine jurist, dies". Bangor Daily News. pp. A1, A5. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  10. ^ "Prison over for ex-Maine Turnpike director". 26 November 2013.
  11. ^ Nemitz, Bill (April 8, 2012). "Bill Nemitz: So why did Paul Violette violate our trust?". Portland Press Herald. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
Party political offices
Preceded by Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator from Maine
(Class 2)

1966
Succeeded by
Preceded by Democratic nominee for U.S. Congress from Maine's 2nd congressional district
1972
Succeeded by