Summary
African emigrants to Italy include Italian citizens and residents originally from Africa. Immigrants from Africa officially residing in Italy in 2015 numbered about 1,000,000 residents.[1] Afro-Italians (Afroitaliani) are Italians born and are raised in Italy, citizen of African descent or of mixed African and Italian roots.
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 1,096,089[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Rome, Milan, Turin, Palermo, Bologna, Brescia, Bergamo, Florence | |
| Languages | |
| Italian, Afro-Asiatic languages, Niger–Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages | |
| Religion | |
| Predominantly Roman Catholicism, also Orthodox, Other Christians · Sunni Islam |
In 2014 over 170,000 migrants arrived which represented the biggest influx of people into one country in European Union history.[2] A large percentage of them arrive via Africa.
African migrants specifically use Libyan coasts to travel across the Mediterranean Sea in large numbers, hoping to land on Italian shores.[2] Although departing from Libya, most are from Ghana, Senegal, Nigeria and Eritrea.[2] The route is dangerous and often unsuccessful; in 2015, 2,000 people died crossing the Mediterranean and the Libyan coast guard intercepted many of the boats transporting the migrants from Africa to Italy.[2] As this route has gained more and more attention throughout the years, smugglers have started to use alternate routes such as Egypt, the Balkan route from Greece, and a very risky route from mountain passes in Albania.[3]
In 2016, Italy's finance minister pushed for financial compensation from the European Union for his country's financial losses because of mass migration.[3] As of 2016, the European Union had put forth 1.8 billion euros for the entirety of Africa's refugee efforts in Europe.[4]
Countries of origin edit
North Africa edit
The largest group of immigrants from Africa are Arabs/Berbers from North Africa, numbering 641,085 official residents in 2016.[1] By country of origin, most of these recent arrivals are from Morocco (437,485), Tunisia (95,645), Egypt (109,871) and Algeria (71,765). Italy also has a number of immigrants from Libya (1,819), territories where Italian expatriates had a presence during the colonial period.
Sub-Saharan Africans edit
Compared to Maghrebis/Berbers from North Africa, the percentage of Sub-Saharan Africans as a proportion of immigrants to Italy from Africa is 35.7% (370,068 official residents in 2015).[1] Most come from Nigeria (98,176), Senegal (77,264) and Ghana (48,637). There are also smaller numbers from Eritrea (9,579), from Ethiopia (8,000) and from Somalia (7,903).
Notable immigrants to Italy edit
The following is a list of notable people of African birth who later immigrated to Italy and resided there, either wholly or at least part time.
Sports edit
- Audrey Alloh - Athlete born in Côte d'Ivoire
- Zahra Bani - Javelin thrower born in Somalia
- Migidio Bourifa - Athlete born in Morocco
- Paolo Dal Molin - Athlete born in Cameroon
- Nadia Ejjafini - Long-distance runner of Moroccan birth
- Jaco Erasmus - Rugby player born in South Africa
- Mostafa Errebbah - Long-distance runner of Moroccan birth
- Matteo Ferrari - Footballer born in Algeria
- Marcello Fiasconaro - Athlete born in South Africa
- Mario Balotelli - Footballer born in Palermo to Ghanaian immigrants
- Claudio Gentile - Footballer born in Libya
- Edwige Gwend - Judoka born in Cameroon
- Leone Jacovacci (1902–1983) - Italian boxer born in Sanza Pombo, then in the Kingdom of Kongo. Also known as: John Douglas Walker (while serving in the Bedfordshire Regiment), and Jack Walker.[5]
- Sumbu Kalambay - Boxer born in Zaire
- Stephan El Shaarawy Footballer born in Savona to Egyptian Father
- Christian Manfredini - Footballer born in Côte d'Ivoire
- Adam Masina - Footballer of Moroccan birth
- Nicholas Northcote - Cricket player born in South Africa
- Desmond N'Ze Kouassi - Footballer born in Ghana
- Gert Peens - Rugby player born in South Africa
- Nicola Pietrangeli - Tennis player born in Tunisia
- Jacques Riparelli - Athlete born in Cameroon
Politicians edit
- Magdi Allam - Former member of the European Parliament (born in Egypt)
- Toni Iwobi - Former member of the Italian Senate (born in Nigeria)
- Cécile Kyenge - Former Minister of Integration and former member of the European Parliament (born in Democratic Republic of the Congo)
- Souad Sbai - Former member of the Chamber of Deputies (born in Morocco)
- Jean-Léonard Touadi - Former member of the Chamber of Deputies (born in the Republic of the Congo)
- Aboubakar Soumahoro - Member of the Chamber of Deputies (born in Ivory Coast)
- Dacia Valent - Former member of the European Parliament (born in Somalia)
Music edit
- Saba Anglana - singer and actress born in Somalia
- Bello FiGo - singer born in Ghana
- Franco Califano - singer born in Libya
- Nour Eddine - singer and filmmaker born in Morocco
- Laïoung, rapper and music producer, (born 1992, in Brussels to) Italian father and British mother of Sierra Leonean origin
- Bruno Lauzi - singer born in Eritrea
- Ma Rue or Maruego - rapper, (born 1992 in Morocco), grew up in Milan, naturalized Italian
Communications and other media edit
- Khaby Lame - prominent TikTokker of Senegalese background
Acting, television and filmmaking edit
- Elisa Kadigia Bove - actress of Italian-Somali descent
- Remo Girone - actor born in Eritrea
- Sandra Milo - actress born in Tunisia
- Claudia Cardinale - actress born in Tunisia
- Zeudi Araya - Eritrean-Italian actress
- Edwige Fenech - actress born in Algeria of Maltese father and Italian mother
- Youma Diakite - model born in Mali
Community activists edit
- Josephine Bakhita (c. 1869–1947), Catholic religious sister, born in Sudan; declared a saint by the Catholic Church in 2000
- Michele Amatore (1826 - 1883), born in Sudan, enslaved in childhood, later freed and established in Italy; soldier and sharpshooter in Piedmontese army, attaining rank of captain. Decorated for distinguished service in Sicily during a cholera epidemic.
- Adel Smith (1960–2014), controversial Italian anti-Christian activist. Born Emilio Smith in Alexandria, Egypt to an Italian father and an Egyptian mother; raised in Italy as a Catholic, he later converted to Islam
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b c d Dati ISTAT 2016. "Cittadini stranieri in Italia - 2016". tuttitalia.it.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c d "African migrants: What really drives them to Europe?". Al Jazeera. 6 June 2015.
- ^ a b Adler, Katya (April 19, 2016). "Mass migration threatens national crisis in Italy". BBC News – via www.bbc.com.
- ^ "European Union/African Cooperation: the externalisation of Europe's migration policies". www.robert-schuman.eu.
- ^ Fikes, Robert (2015-11-29). "Leone Jacovacci (1902–1983)". Black Past. Retrieved 22 June 2021.