• Monarch – Christian X^[1]
• Prime minister – Carl Theodor Zahle

Undated edit

• Sovereignty of the Danish West Indies was officially transferred from Denmark to the United States, after the Treaty of the Danish West Indies was ratified.

• 26 April – Silkeborg IF is founded.

Date unknown edit

• Kjøbenhavns Boldklub wins the 1916–17 Danish National Football Tournament by defeating Akademisk Boldklub 6–2 in the final.

• 14 June – Lise Nørgaard, writer (died 2023)
• 18 June – Erik Ortvad, painter and illustrator (died 2008)
• 4 October – Søren Georg Jensen, designer and sculptor (died 1982)
• 28 October – Wermund Bendtsen, photographer (died 2003)
• 27 November – Arne Sørensen, footballer (died 1977)

January–March edit

• 4 January – Carl Ludwig Jessen, painter (born 1833)
• 30 January – Gerhard Faye, factory manager (born 1846)
• 26 February – Hanna Hoffmann, sculptor and silversmith (born 1858)

April–June edit

• 5 May – Hans Smidth, painter (born 1839)
• 14 June – Vilhelm Herman Oluf Madsen, politician (born 1844)
• 22 June – Kristian Zahrtmann, painter (born 1843)

July–September edit

• 30 August – Otto Haslund, painter (born 1842)

October–December edit

• 27 November – Christian Christiansen, physicist (born 1843)
• 21 December – Peter Gottfred Ramm, military officer, landowner and company founder (born 1834)