1904_in_Germany Knowpia

Decades:	1880s; 1890s; 1900s; 1910s; 1920s;
See also:	Other events of 1904; History of Germany • Timeline • Years

Events in the year 1904 in Germany.

Incumbents edit

National level edit

Kaiser – Wilhelm II
Chancellor – Bernhard von Bülow

State level edit

Kingdoms edit

King of Bavaria – Otto
King of Prussia – Wilhelm II
King of Saxony – George to 15 October then Frederick Augustus III
King of Württemberg – William II

Grand duchies edit

Grand Duke of Baden – Frederick I
Grand Duke of Hesse – Ernest Louis
Grand Duke of Mecklenburg–Schwerin – Frederick Francis IV
Grand Duke of Mecklenburg–Strelitz – Frederick William to 30 May, then Adolphus Frederick V
Grand Duke of Oldenburg – Frederick Augustus II
Grand Duke of Saxe–Weimar–Eisenach – William Ernest

Principalities edit

Schaumburg–Lippe – George, Prince of Schaumburg–Lippe
Schwarzburg–Rudolstadt – Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg–Rudolstadt
Schwarzburg–Sondershausen – Karl Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg–Sondershausen
Principality of Lippe – Alexander, Prince of Lippe (with Ernest II, Count of Lippe–Biesterfeld to 26 September, and then Leopold, Count of Lippe–Biesterfeld, as regents)
Reuss Elder Line – Heinrich XXIV, Prince Reuss of Greiz (with Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line as regent)
Reuss Younger Line – Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line
Waldeck and Pyrmont – Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Duchies edit

Duke of Anhalt – Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt to 24 January, then Frederick II, Duke of Anhalt
Duke of Brunswick – Prince Albert of Prussia (regent)
Duke of Saxe–Altenburg – Ernst I, Duke of Saxe–Altenburg
Duke of Saxe–Coburg and Gotha – Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe–Coburg and Gotha
Duke of Saxe–Meiningen – Georg II, Duke of Saxe–Meiningen

Colonial governors edit

Cameroon (Kamerun) – Jesko von Puttkamer (8th term) to 9 May, then Otto Gleim (acting governor) (1st term)
Kiaochow (Kiautschou) – Oskar von Truppel
German East Africa (Deutsch–Ostafrika) – Gustav Adolf von Götzen
German New Guinea (Deutsch–Neuguinea) – Albert Hahl (2nd term)
German Samoa (Deutsch–Samoa) – Wilhelm Solf
German South–West Africa (Deutsch–Südwestafrika) – Theodor Leutwein
Togoland – Waldemar Horn

Events edit

12 January – The Herero of Deutsch–Südwestafrika, under the leadership of Samuel Maharero, rise against German colonial rule. The rising marks the beginning of what has become known as the Herero and Namaqua Genocide.
3 March – Kaiser Wilhelm II becomes the first person to make a political recording of a document, using Thomas Edison's cylinder.
April - The German Imperial Navy introduces SOS as a distress signal.
11 August – The German Imperial Army, under Lothar von Trotha, defeat the Herero tribesmen at the Battle of Waterberg.

Architecture edit

The Prussian House of Lords is rebuilt.
The Kaiserbrücke in Mainz is completed.
Publisher Pier Verlag established in Munich.

Arts edit

January – Süddeutsche Monatshefte begins publication.
Max Beckmann, Hans Purrmann, and Alexej von Jawlensky are added to the Berlin Secession group of artists.^[1]
Leopold Graf von Kalckreuth paints a series of three portraits depicting socialite Marianne Lichtwark.^[2]

Commerce edit

September – Stationery manufacturer Herlitz established in Berlin.
Accumulatoren–Fabrik AFA establishes its battery making subsidiary VARTA in Hagen.

Diplomacy edit

8 April – The Convention of Istanbul, signed by a number of powers including Germany in 1888, came into force.^[3]

Science edit

Foundation of the German Journal for Evidence and Quality in Healthcare ZEFQ.

Sport edit

Association football edit

16 April – FC Einigkeit Braunschweig established.
4 May – FC Schalke 04 established.
21 May – The International Federation of Association Football, FIFA, is established with Germany as a founder member.
13 June – Westfalia Herne established.
1 July – Bayer 04 Leverkusen established.^[4]
4 July – Borussia Fulda established.
25 July – Reinickendorfer FC West established.
29 July – Alemannia Schwäbisch Gmünd established.^[5]
4 August – FC Singen 04 established.
Date unknown – Germania Breslau, Sport Club Reuß, Fußball–Club Prussia Königsberg, Oberhausener SV and 1. Würzburger FV 04 amongst the other clubs established.

Other edit

1 July to 24 November – 1904 Summer Olympics take place in St. Louis, Missouri. Germany finishes second in the overall medal table with four gold medals, four silver and five bronze. The four gold medals all come in the swimming events, with two for Emil Rausch and one each for Walter Brack and Georg Zacharias.
Date unknown – The inaugural Berlin City Chess Championship is won by Horatio Caro.

Transport edit

The Berlin Mexikoplatz station is opened under the name Zehlendorf–Beerenstraße.

Ships launched edit

SMS Deutschland (battleship)
SMS Lothringen (battleship)
SS Scharnhorst (passenger liner)
SMS Yorck (armoured cruiser)

Publications edit

Drama edit

Erich Mühsam – The Con Men
Frank Wedekind – Die Büchse der Pandora

Non–fiction edit

Ernst Haeckel – Kunstformen der Natur

Births edit

2 January – Walter Heitler, physicist
8 January – Karl Brandt, Nazi physician
9 January – Wilhelm Groth, physical chemist
29 January – Arnold Gehlen, German philosopher (died 1976)^[6]
18 February – Otto Rahn, medievalist and SS officer (died 1939)^[7]
22 February – Ernst Jakob Henne, racing driver (died 2005)^[8]
28 February – Alfred Bohrmann, astronomer
5 March – Karl Rahner, theologian
7 March – Reinhard Heydrich, chief of the RSHA (died 1942)^[9]
7 March – Kurt Weitzmann, art historian^[10]
10 March – Adalbert Schneider, Navy officer
11 March – Albrecht von Hagen, Resistance fighter
12 March – Adolf Arndt, politician
21 March – Karl Leonhard, psychiatrist
24 March – Hans Ertel, natural scientist
26 March – Hermann Schroeder, composer
6 April – Kurt Georg Kiesinger, Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (died 1988)^[11]
12 April – Paul Dahlke, actor
15 April – Valentin Krempl, bobsledder
17 April – Franz Reuß, Luftwaffe general
27 April – Fritz Weitzel, SS officer
28 April – Elisabeth Schumacher, Resistance fighter
4 May – Josef Pieper, philosopher
8 May – Franz Schreiber, SS officer
9 May – Reinhard Schwarz–Schilling, composer
23 May – Johannes Flintrop, critic of Nazism
7 June – Werner Gruner, German weapons designer (died 1995)
14 June – Marion Yorck von Wartenburg, jurist and Resistance fighter (died 2007)
20 June – Heinrich von Brentano, politician (died 1964)^[12]
9 July – Ernst Küppers, swimmer
14 July – Hans von Herwarth, diplomat
15 July – Rudolf Arnheim, film theorist
2 August – Werner Seelenbinder, wrestler and communist
9 August – Hasso von Boehmer, Army officer
10 August – Karl Helling, chess master
16 August – Klaus von Pape, Nazi 'martyr'
24 August – Ludwig Schmidseder, composer and pianist
29 August – Werner Forssmann, physician and Nobel Prize in Medicine laureate
30 August – Friedrich von Mellenthin, Army general
1 September – Karl Ernst, Sturmabteilung leader
8 September – Karl Hessenberg, mathematician
14 September – Walter Meyer, rower
3 October – Ernst–Günther Schenck, SS officer
21 October – Basilea Schlink, founder and leader of the Evangelical Sisterhood of Mary
23 October – Maximilien de Furstenberg, Roman Catholic cardinal
12 November – Edmund Veesenmayer, Nazi politician
13 November – Günter Reimann, communist activist
13 November – Peter Yorck von Wartenburg, jurist and Resistance fighter
26 November – Bernhard Krüger, SS officer
11 December – Felix Nussbaum, surrealist painter
17 December – Josef–Franz Eckinger, Army officer
30 December – Edith Schultze–Westrum, actress
Date unknown – Heinz Kloss, linguist
Date unknown – Wolfgang Stresemann, orchestra leader

Deaths edit

4 January – Friedrich Jolly, neurologist
5 January – Karl Alfred von Zittel, palaeontologist
6 January – Friedrich von Hefner-Alteneck, electrical engineer
10 January – Christian August Friedrich Garcke, botanist
20 January – Albert von Maybach, railway manager
24 January – Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt, nobleman
24 February – Ernst von Prittwitz und Gaffron, Prussian general
5 March – Alfred von Waldersee, Field Marshal
22 March – Karl Moritz Schumann, botanist
1 April – Otto von Böhtlingk, Indologist
6 May – Franz von Lenbach, painter
21 May – Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg, nobleman
24 May – Duchess Maria Isabella of Württemberg, noblewoman
30 May – Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg–Strelitz, nobleman
5 July – Franz Martin Hilgendorf, zoologist
4 August – Christoph von Sigwart, philosopher
5 August – Karl Weigert, pathologist
9 August – Friedrich Ratzel, geographer
26 August – Franz Riegel, internist
3 September – Heinrich Koebner, dermatologist
18 September – Herbert von Bismarck, politician
26 September – Ernest II, Count of Lippe–Biesterfeld, nobleman, regent of the Principality of Lippe
8 October – Clemens Winkler, chemist who discovered germanium
15 October – George, King of Saxony
29 October – Emil Schlagintweit, scholar of Tibetan Buddhism
10 November – Alphons Stübel, geologist and vulcanologist
19 November – Hans von Hopfen, writer
2 December – Prince Frederick of Hohenzollern–Sigmaringen, nobleman
20 December – Alexandrine of Baden (1820–1904), noblewoman
25 December – Guido Bodländer, chemist
Date unknown
- Gustav Kessler, trade unionist
- Eduard von Martens, zoologist
- Carl August Wilhelm Schwacke, botanist

References edit

^ Lovis Corinth
^ Carolyn Helen Kay, Art and the German Bourgeoisie: Alfred Lichtwark and Modern Painting in Hamburg, 1886–1914, Buffalo NY, 2002, p. 103
^ Allain, Jean (2004). International Law in the Middle East: Closer to Power Than Justice. London: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-7546-2436-3.
^ "ABOUT BAYER 04". Bayer 04 Leverkusen Fussball GmbH. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
^ "Historie" (in German). 1.FC Normannia Gmünd. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
^ Lange, Bettina (1996). "Gehlen, Arnold". In Brown, Stuart; Collinson, Diané; Wilkinson, Robert (eds.). Biographical Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Philosophers. London and New York: Routledge Reference. pp. 269–270. ISBN 0-415-06043-5. Retrieved 15 December 2021 – via Google Books.
^ Clarke, Nicholas (1992). The occult roots of Nazism : secret Aryan cults and their influence on Nazi ideology: the Ariosophists of Austria and Germany, 1890-1935. New York: New York University Press. p. 188. ISBN 9780814730607.
^ "Racing legend Ernst Jakob Henne dies". BMW Motorcycle Owners of America, Inc. 24 May 2005. Archived from the original on 20 December 2011. Retrieved 26 December 2021.
^ Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia (31 May 2021). "Reinhard Heydrich". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
^ Notice de personne "Weitzmann, Kurt (1904-1993)" [Person notice "Weitzmann, Kurt (1904-1993)"] (in French). Bibliothèque nationale de France. 25 September 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
^ Notice de personne "Kiesinger, Kurt Georg (1904-1988)" [Person notice "Kiesinger, Kurt Georg (1904-1988)"] (in French). Bibliothèque nationale de France. 18 March 2013. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
^ Webb, Adrian (1998). The Longman companion to Germany since 1945. London, England: Longman. p. 268. ISBN 9781317884248.

[1] Lovis Corinth

[2] Carolyn Helen Kay, Art and the German Bourgeoisie: Alfred Lichtwark and Modern Painting in Hamburg, 1886–1914, Buffalo NY, 2002, p. 103

[3] Allain, Jean (2004). International Law in the Middle East: Closer to Power Than Justice. London: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-7546-2436-3.

[4] "ABOUT BAYER 04". Bayer 04 Leverkusen Fussball GmbH. Retrieved 22 January 2023.

[5] "Historie" (in German). 1.FC Normannia Gmünd. Retrieved 22 January 2023.

[6] Lange, Bettina (1996). "Gehlen, Arnold". In Brown, Stuart; Collinson, Diané; Wilkinson, Robert (eds.). Biographical Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Philosophers. London and New York: Routledge Reference. pp. 269–270. ISBN 0-415-06043-5. Retrieved 15 December 2021 – via Google Books.

[7] Clarke, Nicholas (1992). The occult roots of Nazism : secret Aryan cults and their influence on Nazi ideology: the Ariosophists of Austria and Germany, 1890-1935. New York: New York University Press. p. 188. ISBN 9780814730607.

[8] "Racing legend Ernst Jakob Henne dies". BMW Motorcycle Owners of America, Inc. 24 May 2005. Archived from the original on 20 December 2011. Retrieved 26 December 2021.

[9] Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia (31 May 2021). "Reinhard Heydrich". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 16 January 2022.

[10] Notice de personne "Weitzmann, Kurt (1904-1993)" [Person notice "Weitzmann, Kurt (1904-1993)"] (in French). Bibliothèque nationale de France. 25 September 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2022.

[11] Notice de personne "Kiesinger, Kurt Georg (1904-1988)" [Person notice "Kiesinger, Kurt Georg (1904-1988)"] (in French). Bibliothèque nationale de France. 18 March 2013. Retrieved 14 February 2022.

[12] Webb, Adrian (1998). The Longman companion to Germany since 1945. London, England: Longman. p. 268. ISBN 9781317884248.

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Summary

Incumbents edit

National level edit

State level edit

Kingdoms edit

Grand duchies edit

Principalities edit

Duchies edit

Colonial governors edit

Events edit

Architecture edit

Arts edit

Commerce edit

Diplomacy edit

Science edit

Sport edit

Association football edit

Other edit

Transport edit

Ships launched edit

Publications edit

Drama edit

Non–fiction edit

Births edit

Deaths edit

References edit