• Monarch – Frederick VII^[1]
• Prime minister – Adam Wilhelm Moltke

• 12 January – General conscription is introduced in Denmark a few weeks after the First Schleswig War has been resumed after a winter break.
• 3 February – The Danish Veterinary Association is founded.
• 5 June – The Constitution of Denmark is signed by King Frederik VII.

First Schleswig War edit

• 5 April – Battle of Eckernförde
• 12 April – Battle of Kolding
• 31 May – Skirmish of Århus
• 4 June – Battle of Heligoland
• 6 July – Battle of Fredericia

Date unknown edit

• The requirement for passports for journeys inside Denmark is abolished.^{[citation needed]}
• The Danish West Indian daler replaces the rigsdaler as the currency of the Danish West Indies.

January–March edit

• 16 January – Hans Ole Brasen, painter (died 1930)
• 19 February – Ida Falbe-Hansen, educator and women's activist (died 1922)
• 27 March – Albert Schou, photographer (died 1900)

April–June edit

• 26 April – Olaf Poulsen, comedic stage actor (died 1923)
• 9 June – Michael Ancher, painter (died 1927)

July–September edit

• 5 July – Anthonore Christensen, painter (died 1926)
• 19 July – Louise Ravn-Hansen, painter (died 1909 in Germany)
• 21 July – Leopold Rosenfeld, composer (died 1909)
• 24 July – J. A. D. Jensen, naval officer and Arctic explorer (died 1936)
• 3 August – Axel Liebmann, composer (died 1876)
• 6 August – Gustav Frederik Holm, naval officer and Arctic explorer (died 1940)
• 14 August – Aksel Mikkelsen, educator (died 1929)
• 15 August – Frida Schmidt, suffragist (died 1934)
• 16 August – Johan Kjeldahl, chemist (died 1900)
• 27 September – Nanna Liebmann, composer and music critic (died 1935)

October–December edit

• 27 October – Søren Anton van der Aa Kühle, brewer and businessman (died 1906)
• 5 November – Emil Blichfeldt, architect (died 1908)
• 11 November – Martin Nyrop, architect (died 1921)

April–June edit

• 3 May – Catharine Simonsen, soprano (born 1816)
• 27 May – Frederik Michael Ernst Fabritius de Tengnagel, military officer and landscape painter (born 1781)

July–September edit

• 19 July – Christian Tuxen Falbe, naval officer and explorer (born 1791)
• 15 August – Christopher Friedenreich Hage, merchant (born 1759)
• 20 August – Johan Carl Modeweg, industrialist (born 1782)
• 4 December – Georg Frederik Ursin, mathematician and astronomer (born 1797)

Pctpber–December edit

• 2 December – Poul Elias Windtmil Schlegel, physician (born 1784