Federal government edit

• President: James Madison (DR-Virginia)
• Vice president: George Clinton (DR-New York)
• Chief justice: John Marshall (Virginia)
• Speaker of the House of Representatives: Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR-Massachusetts)
• Congress: 11th

• May 1 – Macon's Bill Number 2 becomes law, intending to motivate Britain and France to stop seizing American vessels during the Napoleonic Wars.
• June 4 – The Society in Dedham for Apprehending Horse Thieves is founded in Dedham, Massachusetts.
• June 23 – John Jacob Astor forms the Pacific Fur Company.
• September 8 – The Tonquin sets sail from New York Harbor with 33 employees of John Jacob Astor's newly created Pacific Fur Company on board. After a 6-month journey around the tip of South America, the ship arrives at the mouth of the Columbia River and Astor's men establish the fur-trading post of Fort Astoria.
• September 23 – The Republic of West Florida declares independence from Spain.
• October 27 – The United States annexes the Republic of West Florida.

Undated edit

• The first steamboat on the Ohio River sails.
• Rocky Point Manor is built in Harrodsburg, Kentucky.

• January 20 – Benjamin Chew, Chief Justice of colonial Pennsylvania (born 1722)
• February 22 – Charles Brockden Brown, novelist (born 1771)
• March 6 – William Washington, United States soldier (born 1752)
• October 13 – John Heath, politician (born 1758)
• October 15 – Alfred Moore, judge (born 1755)
• November 11 – John Laurance, attorney, statesman and judge (born 1750)
• December 14 – Cyrus Griffin, lawyer, judge, last president of the Continental Congress (born 1749)

• Timeline of United States history (1790–1819)

• A. R. Beck. Notes of a Visit to Philadelphia, Made by a Moravian Sister in 1810. The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 36, No. 3 (1912), pp. 346–361
• Governor Gerry's Latin Speech, 1810. Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, Third Series, Vol. 59, (October, 1925 – June, 1926),
• S. E. Morison. Forcing the Dardanelles in 1810: With Some Account of the Early Levant Trade of Massachusetts. The New England Quarterly, Vol. 1, No. 2 (April, 1928), pp. 208–225
• Erwin Stresemann. On a Collection of Birds from Georgia and Carolina Made about 1810 by John Abbot. The Auk, Vol. 70, No. 2 (April, 1953), pp. 113–117
• Edward C. Carter II. Birth of a political economist: Mathew Carey and the recharter fight of 1810–1811. Pennsylvania History, Vol. 33, No. 3 (July 1966), pp. 274–288
• J. Meredith Neil. "Plain and Simple Principles" for an American Art, 1810. The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 93, No. 3 (July, 1969), pp. 410–416
• Richard W. Gronet. United States and the Invasion of Texas, 1810–1814. The Americas, Vol. 25, No. 3 (January, 1969), pp. 281–306
• Raymond A. Mohl. "The Grand Fabric of Republicanism" a Scotsman Describes South Carolina 1810–1811. The South Carolina Historical Magazine, Vol. 71, No. 3 (July, 1970), pp. 170–188
• Joseph Ewan. An Overlooked Printed "Catalogue of Plants in the Botanick Garden of South-Carolina," 1810. Taxon, Vol. 42, No. 2 (May 1993), pp. 365–367
• Joanna Bowen Gillespie. Filiopietism as Citizenship, 1810: Letters from Martha Laurens Ramsay to David Ramsay Jr.. Early American Literature, Vol. 29, No. 2 (1994), pp. 141–165

•   Media related to 1810 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons